Differential Gel Electrophoresis (DIGE) Evaluation of Naphthoimidazoles Mode of Action: A Study in Trypanosoma cruzi Bloodstream Trypomastigotes
The obligate intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected illness affecting millions of people in Latin America that recently entered non-endemic countries through immigration, as a consequence of globalization. The chemotherapy for this disease is...
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| Published in: | PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol. 10; no. 8; p. e0004951 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
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01-08-2016
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| Abstract | The obligate intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected illness affecting millions of people in Latin America that recently entered non-endemic countries through immigration, as a consequence of globalization. The chemotherapy for this disease is based mainly on benznidazole and nifurtimox, which are very efficient nitroderivatives against the acute stage but present limited efficacy during the chronic phase. Our group has been studying the trypanocidal effects of naturally occurring quinones and their derivatives, and naphthoimidazoles derived from β-lapachone N1, N2 and N3 were the most active. To assess the molecular mechanisms of action of these compounds, we applied proteomic techniques to analyze treated bloodstream trypomastigotes, which are the clinically relevant stage of the parasite.
The approach consisted of quantification by 2D-DIGE followed by MALDI-TOF/TOF protein identification. A total of 61 differentially abundant protein spots were detected when comparing the control with each N1, N2 or N3 treatment, for 34 identified spots. Among the differentially abundant proteins were activated protein kinase C receptor, tubulin isoforms, asparagine synthetase, arginine kinase, elongation factor 2, enolase, guanine deaminase, heat shock proteins, hypothetical proteins, paraflagellar rod components, RAB GDP dissociation inhibitor, succinyl-CoA ligase, ATP synthase subunit B and methionine sulfoxide reductase.
Our results point to different modes of action for N1, N2 and N3, which indicate a great variety of metabolic pathways involved and allow for novel perspectives on the development of trypanocidal agents. |
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| AbstractList | Background The obligate intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected illness affecting millions of people in Latin America that recently entered non-endemic countries through immigration, as a consequence of globalization. The chemotherapy for this disease is based mainly on benznidazole and nifurtimox, which are very efficient nitroderivatives against the acute stage but present limited efficacy during the chronic phase. Our group has been studying the trypanocidal effects of naturally occurring quinones and their derivatives, and naphthoimidazoles derived from [beta]-lapachone N1, N2 and N3 were the most active. To assess the molecular mechanisms of action of these compounds, we applied proteomic techniques to analyze treated bloodstream trypomastigotes, which are the clinically relevant stage of the parasite. Methodology/Principal Findings The approach consisted of quantification by 2D-DIGE followed by MALDI-TOF/TOF protein identification. A total of 61 differentially abundant protein spots were detected when comparing the control with each N1, N2 or N3 treatment, for 34 identified spots. Among the differentially abundant proteins were activated protein kinase C receptor, tubulin isoforms, asparagine synthetase, arginine kinase, elongation factor 2, enolase, guanine deaminase, heat shock proteins, hypothetical proteins, paraflagellar rod components, RAB GDP dissociation inhibitor, succinyl-CoA ligase, ATP synthase subunit B and methionine sulfoxide reductase. Conclusion/Significance Our results point to different modes of action for N1, N2 and N3, which indicate a great variety of metabolic pathways involved and allow for novel perspectives on the development of trypanocidal agents. The obligate intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected illness affecting millions of people in Latin America that recently entered non-endemic countries through immigration, as a consequence of globalization. The chemotherapy for this disease is based mainly on benznidazole and nifurtimox, which are very efficient nitroderivatives against the acute stage but present limited efficacy during the chronic phase. Our group has been studying the trypanocidal effects of naturally occurring quinones and their derivatives, and naphthoimidazoles derived from [beta]-lapachone N1, N2 and N3 were the most active. To assess the molecular mechanisms of action of these compounds, we applied proteomic techniques to analyze treated bloodstream trypomastigotes, which are the clinically relevant stage of the parasite. The approach consisted of quantification by 2D-DIGE followed by MALDI-TOF/TOF protein identification. A total of 61 differentially abundant protein spots were detected when comparing the control with each N1, N2 or N3 treatment, for 34 identified spots. Among the differentially abundant proteins were activated protein kinase C receptor, tubulin isoforms, asparagine synthetase, arginine kinase, elongation factor 2, enolase, guanine deaminase, heat shock proteins, hypothetical proteins, paraflagellar rod components, RAB GDP dissociation inhibitor, succinyl-CoA ligase, ATP synthase subunit B and methionine sulfoxide reductase. Our results point to different modes of action for N1, N2 and N3, which indicate a great variety of metabolic pathways involved and allow for novel perspectives on the development of trypanocidal agents. BACKGROUND:The obligate intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected illness affecting millions of people in Latin America that recently entered non-endemic countries through immigration, as a consequence of globalization. The chemotherapy for this disease is based mainly on benznidazole and nifurtimox, which are very efficient nitroderivatives against the acute stage but present limited efficacy during the chronic phase. Our group has been studying the trypanocidal effects of naturally occurring quinones and their derivatives, and naphthoimidazoles derived from β-lapachone N1, N2 and N3 were the most active. To assess the molecular mechanisms of action of these compounds, we applied proteomic techniques to analyze treated bloodstream trypomastigotes, which are the clinically relevant stage of the parasite. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:The approach consisted of quantification by 2D-DIGE followed by MALDI-TOF/TOF protein identification. A total of 61 differentially abundant protein spots were detected when comparing the control with each N1, N2 or N3 treatment, for 34 identified spots. Among the differentially abundant proteins were activated protein kinase C receptor, tubulin isoforms, asparagine synthetase, arginine kinase, elongation factor 2, enolase, guanine deaminase, heat shock proteins, hypothetical proteins, paraflagellar rod components, RAB GDP dissociation inhibitor, succinyl-CoA ligase, ATP synthase subunit B and methionine sulfoxide reductase. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE:Our results point to different modes of action for N1, N2 and N3, which indicate a great variety of metabolic pathways involved and allow for novel perspectives on the development of trypanocidal agents. The obligate intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected illness affecting millions of people in Latin America that recently entered non-endemic countries through immigration, as a consequence of globalization. The chemotherapy for this disease is based mainly on benznidazole and nifurtimox, which are very efficient nitroderivatives against the acute stage but present limited efficacy during the chronic phase. Our group has been studying the trypanocidal effects of naturally occurring quinones and their derivatives, and naphthoimidazoles derived from β-lapachone N1, N2 and N3 were the most active. To assess the molecular mechanisms of action of these compounds, we applied proteomic techniques to analyze treated bloodstream trypomastigotes, which are the clinically relevant stage of the parasite. The approach consisted of quantification by 2D-DIGE followed by MALDI-TOF/TOF protein identification. A total of 61 differentially abundant protein spots were detected when comparing the control with each N1, N2 or N3 treatment, for 34 identified spots. Among the differentially abundant proteins were activated protein kinase C receptor, tubulin isoforms, asparagine synthetase, arginine kinase, elongation factor 2, enolase, guanine deaminase, heat shock proteins, hypothetical proteins, paraflagellar rod components, RAB GDP dissociation inhibitor, succinyl-CoA ligase, ATP synthase subunit B and methionine sulfoxide reductase. Our results point to different modes of action for N1, N2 and N3, which indicate a great variety of metabolic pathways involved and allow for novel perspectives on the development of trypanocidal agents. Background The obligate intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected illness affecting millions of people in Latin America that recently entered non-endemic countries through immigration, as a consequence of globalization. The chemotherapy for this disease is based mainly on benznidazole and nifurtimox, which are very efficient nitroderivatives against the acute stage but present limited efficacy during the chronic phase. Our group has been studying the trypanocidal effects of naturally occurring quinones and their derivatives, and naphthoimidazoles derived from [Beta]-lapachone N1, N2 and N3 were the most active. To assess the molecular mechanisms of action of these compounds, we applied proteomic techniques to analyze treated bloodstream trypomastigotes, which are the clinically relevant stage of the parasite. Methodology/Principal Findings The approach consisted of quantification by 2D-DIGE followed by MALDI-TOF/TOF protein identification. A total of 61 differentially abundant protein spots were detected when comparing the control with each N1, N2 or N3 treatment, for 34 identified spots. Among the differentially abundant proteins were activated protein kinase C receptor, tubulin isoforms, asparagine synthetase, arginine kinase, elongation factor 2, enolase, guanine deaminase, heat shock proteins, hypothetical proteins, paraflagellar rod components, RAB GDP dissociation inhibitor, succinyl-CoA ligase, ATP synthase subunit B and methionine sulfoxide reductase. Conclusion/Significance Our results point to different modes of action for N1, N2 and N3, which indicate a great variety of metabolic pathways involved and allow for novel perspectives on the development of trypanocidal agents. Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, an important illness for Latin American countries that is now afflicting other continents due to the immigration of infected people. The available chemotherapy is limited to the chronic phase of the disease, being the development of novel active compounds essential, and the search for specific molecular targets for drugs in T . cruzi is necessary. In this context, our group has synthesized and screened many compounds ranging from natural to semi-synthetic naphthoquinones and derivatives on T . cruzi , displaying naphthoimidazoles N1, N2 and N3 the highest activity. Previous studies correlated phenotypic alterations by cell biology techniques as well as investigated mode of action by proteomic approaches in insect stage epimastigotes as a model. However, T . cruzi presents three morphologically distinct life stages with their own specific biological peculiarities and requirements that could be potential targets to drug intervention. Here, we evaluated the mechanism of action of N1, N2 and N3 in clinical relevant form of the parasite, bloodstream trypomastigotes, by proteomics. Our data pointed to 61 differentially abundant protein spots, being these proteins involved with cellular trafficking, protein synthesis, transduction signaling and energetic metabolism, among others, open interesting perspectives for trypanocidal strategies. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Valente, Richard Hemmi Trugilho, Monique Caminha, Marcelle Almeida Ferreira, André Teixeira da Silva de Moura, Kelly Cristina Gallan Perales, Jonas Menna-Barreto, Rubem Figueiredo Sadok Brunoro, Giselle Villa Flor Faça, Vitor Marcel |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, ARGENTINA 4 Núcleo de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3 Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 1 Laboratório de Toxinologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 Núcleo de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – name: 3 Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – name: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, ARGENTINA – name: 1 Laboratório de Toxinologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – name: 2 Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Giselle Villa Flor surname: Brunoro fullname: Brunoro, Giselle Villa Flor organization: Laboratório de Toxinologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – sequence: 2 givenname: Vitor Marcel surname: Faça fullname: Faça, Vitor Marcel organization: Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil – sequence: 3 givenname: Marcelle Almeida surname: Caminha fullname: Caminha, Marcelle Almeida organization: Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – sequence: 4 givenname: André Teixeira da Silva surname: Ferreira fullname: Ferreira, André Teixeira da Silva organization: Laboratório de Toxinologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – sequence: 5 givenname: Monique surname: Trugilho fullname: Trugilho, Monique organization: Laboratório de Toxinologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – sequence: 6 givenname: Kelly Cristina Gallan surname: de Moura fullname: de Moura, Kelly Cristina Gallan organization: Núcleo de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – sequence: 7 givenname: Jonas surname: Perales fullname: Perales, Jonas organization: Laboratório de Toxinologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – sequence: 8 givenname: Richard Hemmi surname: Valente fullname: Valente, Richard Hemmi organization: Laboratório de Toxinologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – sequence: 9 givenname: Rubem Figueiredo Sadok surname: Menna-Barreto fullname: Menna-Barreto, Rubem Figueiredo Sadok organization: Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27551855$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science 2016 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Bloodstream Trypomastigotes. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10(8): e0004951. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004951 2016 Brunoro et al 2016 Brunoro et al 2016 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Bloodstream Trypomastigotes. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10(8): e0004951. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004951 |
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| DocumentTitleAlternate | Quantitative Proteome of Bloodstream Trypomastigotes |
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| Editor | Buscaglia, Carlos A. |
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| Notes | The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Conceived and designed the experiments: GVFB RFSMB RHV JP.Performed the experiments: GVFB VMF ATdSF MT MAC.Analyzed the data: GVFB VMF ATdSF MT RFSMB RHV.Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: VMF RFSMB JP RHV.Wrote the paper: GVFB RFSMB.Synthesized and purified the compounds: KCGdM. |
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| Snippet | The obligate intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected illness affecting millions of people in Latin... Background The obligate intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected illness affecting millions of people in... Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, an important illness for Latin American countries that is now afflicting other continents due to... BACKGROUND:The obligate intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected illness affecting millions of people in... Background The obligate intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected illness affecting millions of people... |
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| SubjectTerms | Analysis Animals Benznidazole Biology and Life Sciences Care and treatment Chagas disease Chagas Disease - drug therapy Chemotherapy Dosage and administration Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional Gel electrophoresis Globalization Heat shock proteins Illnesses Immigration Kinases Metabolism Mice Mode of action Naphthoquinones - pharmacology Nifurtimox - pharmacology Nitroimidazoles - pharmacology Parasites Proteomics Protozoa Protozoan Proteins - analysis Risk factors Studies Tropical diseases Trypanocidal Agents - pharmacology Trypanosoma cruzi Trypanosoma cruzi - drug effects Vector-borne diseases |
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| Title | Differential Gel Electrophoresis (DIGE) Evaluation of Naphthoimidazoles Mode of Action: A Study in Trypanosoma cruzi Bloodstream Trypomastigotes |
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