Effect of melatonin on electrical impedance and biomarkers of damage in a gastric ischemia/reperfusion model

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 17; no. 8; p. e0273099
• Main Authors: Peña-Mercado, Eduardo, Garcia-Lorenzana, Mario, Huerta-Yepez, Sara, Cruz-Ledesma, Anahis, Beltran-Vargas, Nohra E
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: San Francisco Public Library of Science 16-08-2022; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Analysis; Animal models; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Biological markers; Biology and Life Sciences; Biomarkers; Biopsy; Clinical medicine; Cytokines; Damage prevention; Diagnosis; Electric currents; Electrical impedance; Electrical properties; Enzymes; Experiments; Gastric mucosa; Gastrointestinal diseases; Health aspects; Impedance; Inflammation; Injury prevention; Ischemia; Medicine and Health Sciences; Melatonin; Mortality; Nitric oxide; Nitric-oxide synthase; Patients; Reperfusion; Risk factors; Spectroscopy; Spectrum analysis; Mexico
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273099

The damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is closely related to high mortality in critically ill patients, which is attributable, in part, to the lack of an early method of diagnosis to show the degree of ischemia-induced injury in this type of patients. Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) has been shown to be a tool to early diagnose gastric mucosal damage induced by ischemia. A therapeutic alternative to reduce this type of injury is melatonin (MT), which has gastroprotective effects in I/R models. In this work, the effect of treatment with MT on the electrical properties of gastric tissue, biomarkers of inflammatory (iNOS and COX-2), proliferation, and apoptotic process under I/R conditions in male Wistar rats was evaluated through EIS, histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Treatment with MT prevents gastric mucosa damage, causing a decrease in gastric impedance parameters related to the inflammatory process and cellular damage. This suggests that EIS could be used as a tool to diagnose and monitor the evolution of gastric mucosal injury, as well as in the recovery process in critically ill patients.