Preliminary study on a novel dedicated plate for iliac fractures in dogs

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 17; no. 8; p. e0269313
• Main Authors: Moi, Tryssia S. M, Minto, Bruno W, Macedo, Ana P, Lucena, Dayvid V. F, Malta, Caio A. S, Dias, Luis G. G. G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: San Francisco Public Library of Science 26-08-2022; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Biology and Life Sciences; CAD; Cadavers; Compression; Computer aided design; Contact stresses; Design and construction; Dissipation; Dogs; Engineering and Technology; Ethics; Exports; Femur; Finite element method; Fractures; Hip joint; Ilium; Implants, Artificial; Injuries; Internal fixation in fractures; Mathematical models; Mechanical properties; Medicine and Health Sciences; Pelvis; Prosthesis; Screws; Skull; Steel alloys; Stress; Traction force; Transplants & implants; Brazil
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269313

Introduction The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate a novel plate designed specifically for the canine ilium using finite element methods. The cranial portion of the plate had an elliptical shape and contained nine screw holes. The caudal portion of the plate was triangular with three screw holes. Four and three screws were used at the cranial (screw 1 to 4) and caudal (screw 5 to 7) segment of the plate. Finite element models of the plate and canine pelvis were created. A load of 300 N was applied on the femur-hip joint contact area. Values of Von Mises Stress on the plate, screws and the maximum and minimum main stresses in the bone were used to capture the mechanical factors in this study. Results The novel implant had a plate stress of 51.9 megapascals (MPa) with higher stress in the dorsal part of the plate. Screws 2 and 4 showed similar stress values of 17.3 MPa. Screws 1 and 3 were the most loaded (51.9 MPa and 75 MPa, respectively). Screws 5, 6, and 7 showed similar dissipation and stress values (21.55 MPa). There was traction force in the dorsal region of the pubis and compression in the ventral part, with dissipation and values of 15.4 MPa and 23.9 MPa, respectively, acquiring balance between them. Conclusion The novel plate is potentially applicable and specifically suitable for iliac fractures in dogs. The screws distribution modeled proved itself strategical since the simulated stresses were evenly distributed throughout the implant construct.