Vitamin D status and its association with parathyroid hormone concentrations in women of child-bearing age living in Jakarta and Kuala Lumpur

• Published in: European journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 62; no. 3; pp. 373 - 378
• Main Authors: Green, T.J, Skeaff, C.M, Rockell, J.E.P, Venn, B.J, Lambert, A, Todd, J, Khor, G.L, Loh, S.P, Muslimatun, S, Agustina, R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01-03-2008; Nature Publishing; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 25-hydroxycholecalciferol; 25-hydroxyergocalciferol; 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; Adolescent; Adult; Alfacalcidol; Biological and medical sciences; blood chemistry; Calcifediol; Calciferol; Calcium; Calcium (dietary); Clinical Nutrition; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Dietary intake; Epidemiology; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Health aspects; hormone metabolism; Hormones; Humans; Indonesia; Internal Medicine; Malaysia; Medical sciences; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic Diseases; Nutrient deficiency; nutrient intake; nutrient reserves; Nutrition; nutrition assessment; Nutritional aspects; Nutritional Status; original-article; Parathyroid; Parathyroid hormone; Parathyroid Hormone - blood; Plasma; Public Health; Thyroid gland; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Vitamin D; Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives; Vitamin D - blood; Vitamin D Deficiency - blood; Vitamin D Deficiency - physiopathology; vitamin deficiencies; Vitamin deficiency; Women; Women's Health; Malaysia; Indonesia; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia; Jakarta Indonesia; parathyroid hormone; survey; Kuala Lumpur; vitamin D; Jakarta; women; Human; Nutrition; Peptide hormone; Metabolic diseases; Concentration; Survey; Association; Surveillance; Vitamin D; Parathyroid hormone; Female; Woman; Child; Age
• ISSN: 0954-3007; 1476-5640
• DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602696

Objective: To describe the vitamin D status of women living in two Asian cities, - Jakarta (6°S) and Kuala-Lumpur (2°N), to examine the association between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations, and to determine a threshold for plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D above which there is no further suppression of PTH. Also, to determine whether dietary calcium intake influences the relationship between PTH and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Jakarta, Indonesia and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Participants: A convenience sample of 504 non-pregnant women 18-40 years. Main measures: Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and PTH. Results: The mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 48 nmol/l. Less than 1% of women had a 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration indicative of vitamin D deficiency (<17.5 nmol/l); whereas, over 60% of women had a 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration indicative of insufficiency (<50 nmol/l). We estimate that 52 nmol/l was the threshold concentration for plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D above which no further suppression of PTH occurred. Below and above this concentration the slopes of the regression lines were -0.18 (different from 0; P=0.003) and -0.01 (P=0.775), respectively. The relation between vitamin D status and parathyroid hormone concentration did not differ between women with low, medium or high calcium intakes (P=0.611); however, even in the highest tertile of calcium intake, mean calcium intake was only 657 mg/d. Conclusion: On the basis of maximal suppression of PTH we estimate an optimal 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration of 50 nmol/l. Many women had a 25-hydroxyvitamin D below this concentration and may benefit from improved vitamin D status.