Visceral Adipocyte Hypertrophy is Associated With Dyslipidemia Independent of Body Composition and Fat Distribution in Women

• Published in: Diabetes (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 60; no. 5; pp. 1504 - 1511
• Main Authors: VEILLEUX, Alain, CARON-JOBIN, Maude, NOËL, Suzanne, LABERGE, Philippe Y, TCHERNOF, Andre
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Alexandria, VA American Diabetes Association 01-05-2011
• Subjects: Abdomen; Adipocytes; Adipocytes - pathology; Adipose Tissue - pathology; Adiposity; Adult; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Body composition; Body Composition - physiology; Body fat; Cardiology; Care and treatment; Diabetes; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Diagnosis; Dyslipidemias; Dyslipidemias - metabolism; Dyslipidemias - pathology; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance; Female; Glucose; Gynecology; Health aspects; High density lipoprotein; Homeostasis; Humans; Hyperplasia; Hypertrophy; Hypertrophy - metabolism; Hypertrophy - pathology; Insulin resistance; Linear Models; Lipid Metabolism - physiology; Lipids; Logistic Models; Medical research; Medical sciences; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Obesity; Obesity Studies; Plasma; Pulmonology; Research design; Surgery; Viscera - pathology; Women; Canada; Endocrinopathy; Human; Adipocyte; Diabetes mellitus; Distribution; Metabolic diseases; Female; Lipids; Dyslipemia; Body composition; Hypertrophy
• DOI: 10.2337/db10-1039
• EISSN: 1939-327X
• ISSN: 0012-1797

We assessed whether subcutaneous and omental adipocyte hypertrophy are related to metabolic alterations independent of body composition and fat distribution in women.
Mean adipocyte diameter of paired subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue samples was obtained in lean to obese women. Linear regression models predicting adipocyte size in both adipose tissue depots were computed using body composition and fat distribution measures (n = 150). In a given depot, women with larger adipocytes than predicted by the regression were considered as having adipocyte hypertrophy, whereas women with smaller adipocytes than predicted were considered as having adipocyte hyperplasia.
Women characterized by omental adipocyte hypertrophy had higher plasma and VLDL triglyceride levels as well as a higher total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio compared with women characterized by omental adipocyte hyperplasia (P < 0.05). Conversely, women characterized by subcutaneous adipocyte hypertrophy or hyperplasia showed a similar lipid profile. In logistic regression analyses, a 10% enlargement of omental adipocytes increased the risk of hypertriglyceridemia (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 4.06, P < 0.001) independent of body composition and fat distribution measures. A 10% increase in visceral adipocyte number also raised the risk of hypertriglyceridemia (adjusted OR 1.55, P < 0.02). Associations between adipocyte size and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were not significant once adjusted for adiposity and body fat distribution.
These results suggest that omental, but not subcutaneous, adipocyte hypertrophy is associated with an altered lipid profile independent of body composition and fat distribution in women.