Fournier's gangrene: Report of thirty-three cases and a review of the literature

• Published in: International journal of urology Vol. 13; no. 7; pp. 960 - 967
• Main Authors: TAHMAZ, LUTFI, ERDEMIR, FIKRET, KIBAR, YUSUF, COSAR, AHMET, YALCÝN, ORHAN
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Melbourne, Australia Blackwell Publishing Asia 01-07-2006
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Anti-Infective Agents - therapeutic use; Debridement - methods; Follow-Up Studies; Fournier Gangrene - therapy; Fournier's gangrene; Honey; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Penile Diseases - therapy; Retrospective Studies; Scrotum; Skin Transplantation - methods; treatment; Treatment Outcome; unprocessed honey
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2006.01448.x
• EISSN: 1442-2042
• ISSN: 0919-8172

Background:  Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is an extensive fulminant infection of the genitals, perineum or the abdominal wall. The aim of this study is to share our experience with the management of this difficult infectious disease.
Methods:  Thirty‐three male patients were admitted to our clinic with the diagnosis of FG between February 1988 and December 2003. The patient’s age, etiology and predisposing factors, microbiological findings, duration of hospital stay, treatment, and outcome were analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups. The first 21 patients (Group I) were treated with broad‐spectrum triple antimicrobial therapy, broad debridement, exhaustive cleaning, and then they underwent split‐thickness skin grafts or delayed closure as needed. The other 12 patients (Group II) were treated with unprocessed honey (20–50 mL daily) and broad‐spectrum triple antimicrobial therapy without debridement. Their wounds were cleaned with saline and then dressed with topical unprocessed honey. The wounds were inspected daily and the honey was reapplied after cleaning with normal saline. Then, the patients’ scrotum and penis were covered with their own new scrotal skin.
Results:  The mean age of the patients was 53.9 ± 9.56 years (range = 23–71). The source of the gangrene was urinary in 23 patients, cutaneous in seven patients, and perirectal in three patients. The predisposing factors included diabetes mellitus for 11 patients, alcoholism for 10 patients, malnutrition for nine patients, and medical immunosuppression (chemotherapy, steroids, malignancy) for three patients. The mean duration of hospital stay was 41 ± 10.459 (range = 14–54) days. Two patients in Group I died from severe sepsis. The clinical and cosmetic results were better in Group II than Group I.
Conclusions:  Necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum and genitalia is a severe condition with a high morbidity and mortality. Traditionally, good management is based on aggressive debridement, broad‐spectrum antibiotics, and intensive supportive care but unprocessed honey might revolutionize the treatment of this dreadful disease by reducing its cost, morbidity, and mortality.