A review of the epidemiology and treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma

• Published in: Clinics (São Paulo, Brazil) Vol. 66; no. 10; pp. 1817 - 1823
• Main Authors: Duprat, João Pedreira, Landman, Gilles, Salvajoli, João Victor, Brechtbühl, Eduard Rene
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Brazil Elsevier España, S.L.U 01-01-2011; Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo; Faculdade de Medicina / USP; Elsevier España
• Subjects: Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Merkel CELL; Carcinoma, Merkel Cell - epidemiology; Carcinoma, Merkel Cell - pathology; Carcinoma, Merkel Cell - therapy; Humans; Literature review; MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL; Merkel CELL; Neoplasm Staging; Polyomavirus; Radiotherapy; Review; Skin Neoplasms - epidemiology; Skin Neoplasms - pathology; Skin Neoplasms - therapy; Literature review; Radiotherapy; Carcinoma, Merkel CELL; Polyomavirus; Carcinoma; Merkel CELL
• ISSN: 1807-5932; 1980-5322; 1980-5322
• DOI: 10.1590/S1807-59322011001000023

Merkel cell carcinoma is a very rare and aggressive neoplasm. Due to its rarity, therapeutic guidelines are not well established, especially for regionally advanced disease. Articles in English, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish from the last 20 years were identified in MEDLINE and reviewed. The key word “Merkel” was used for the search, relevant articles were selected, and their references were examined. The most important articles related to epidemiology, genesis and treatment were reviewed. The incidence of Merkel cell carcinoma is increasing due to the advancing age of the population, higher rates of sun exposure and an increasing number of immunocompromised individuals. With regard to etiology, the recently described Merkel Cell polyomavirus is thought to play a role. Either local or regional surgical intervention remains the standard of care, but adjuvant radiotherapy or radiotherapy as a primary treatment have been discussed as reasonable therapeutic options. An update on this rare neoplasia is essential because of its increasing incidence and changing treatment options.