Inulin Reduces Kidney Damage in Type 2 Diabetic Mice by Decreasing Inflammation and Serum Metabolomics

• Published in: Journal of diabetes research Vol. 2024; pp. 1222395 - 14
• Main Authors: He, Jiayuan, Li, Xiang, Yan, Man, Chen, Xinsheng, Sun, Chang, Tan, Jiajun, Song, Yinsheng, Xu, Hong, Wu, Liang, Yang, Zhengnan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Hindawi 02-05-2024; Hindawi Limited
• Subjects: Animals; Blood Glucose - drug effects; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Diabetic Nephropathies - blood; Diabetic Nephropathies - drug therapy; Diabetic Nephropathies - etiology; Diabetic nephropathy; Diet; Diet, High-Fat; Disease; Fatty Acids, Volatile - metabolism; Glucose; Hyperglycemia; Immune system; Inflammation; Inflammation - drug therapy; Inulin - pharmacology; Kidney - drug effects; Kidney - metabolism; Kidney - pathology; Kidneys; Male; Medical research; Metabolism; Metabolites; Metabolomics; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Microorganisms; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Proteins; China; inulin; mechanism; inflammation; metabolomics; type 2 diabetes (T2DM); renal injury
• ISSN: 2314-6745; 2314-6753; 2314-6753
• DOI: 10.1155/2024/1222395

This study is aimed at assessing the impact of soluble dietary fiber inulin on the treatment of diabetes-related chronic inflammation and kidney injury in mice with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The T2DM model was created by feeding the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice a high-fat diet and intraperitoneally injecting them with streptozotocin (50 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days). The thirty-six ICR mice were divided into three dietary groups: the normal control (NC) group, the T2DM (DM) group, and the DM + inulin diet (INU) group. The INU group mice were given inulin at the dose of 500 mg/kg gavage daily until the end of the 12th week. After 12 weeks, the administration of inulin resulted in decreased serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (CRE). The administration of inulin not only ameliorated renal injury but also resulted in a reduction in the mRNA expressions of inflammatory factors in the spleen and serum oxidative stress levels, when compared to the DM group. Additionally, inulin treatment in mice with a T2DM model led to a significant increase in the concentrations of three primary short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid), while the concentration of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a prominent inflammatory factor in diabetes, exhibited a significant decrease. The results of untargeted metabolomics indicate that inulin has the potential to alleviate inflammatory response and kidney damage in diabetic mice. This beneficial effect is attributed to its impact on various metabolic pathways, including glycerophospholipid metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, and tryptophan metabolism. Consequently, oral inulin emerges as a promising treatment option for diabetes and kidney injury.