The effects of lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) or LRS and 6% hetastarch on the colloid osmotic pressure, total protein and osmolality in healthy horses under general anesthesia

• Published in: Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia Vol. 38; no. 4; p. 336
• Main Authors: Wendt-Hornickle, Erin L, Snyder, Lindsey B C, Tang, Rui, Johnson, Rebecca A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01-07-2011
• Subjects: Anesthesia, General - veterinary; Animals; Blood Physiological Phenomena - drug effects; Blood Proteins - analysis; Blood Proteins - drug effects; Colloids; Drug Administration Schedule - veterinary; Horses; Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives - administration & dosage; Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives - pharmacology; Infusions, Intravenous - veterinary; Isotonic Solutions - administration & dosage; Isotonic Solutions - pharmacology; Osmolar Concentration; Osmotic Pressure - drug effects; Prospective Studies
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00622.x
• EISSN: 1467-2995

To investigate changes in colloid osmotic pressure (COP), total protein (TP) and osmolality (OSM) during anesthesia in horses given intravenous lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) or LRS and hetastarch (HES).
Prospective, clinical trial.
Fourteen horses presented for surgery. Mean age 8.3 ± 1.9 years; mean weight 452 ± 25 kg.
Horses were premedicated with xylazine intravenously (IV); anesthesia was induced with ketamine and diazepam IV, and maintained with sevoflurane. Butorphanol was administered IV with pre-medications or immediately after induction. Xylazine was administered IV for recovery if necessary. LRS was administered IV to all horses with a target rate of 5-10 mL kg(-1) hour(-1). Half of the horses also received 6% HES, 2.5 mL kg(-1) over 1 hour in addition to LRS. Horses that received LRS only were considered the LRS group. Horses that received both LRS and HES were considered the LRS/HES group. Blood was drawn pre- and post-anesthesia, immediately following induction, and every 30 minutes throughout anesthesia. COP, TP and OSM were measured.
COP and TP significantly decreased at similar rates for both treatment groups from pre-anesthetic values. Pre-anesthetic COP was significantly greater in the LRS group when compared to the LRS/HES group pre-, post- and throughout anesthesia. In the LRS group post-anesthetic OSM was significantly different than the pre-anesthesia value and that for the LRS/HES group.
Administration of IV HES (2.5 mL kg(-1), over 1 hour) in combination with LRS does not attenuate the decrease in COP typically seen during anesthesia with crystalloid administration alone. Based on these results, administration of HES at this rate and total volume would not be expected to prevent fluid shifts into the interstitium through its effects on COP.