Basic heel prick test: inclusion of screening, diagnosis and criteria for early confirmation of congenital infection by Toxoplasma gondii

Toxoplasma gondii can cross the placental barrier, causing fetal infection with potentially severe sequelae. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the serological screening for toxoplasmosis should be included in the basic neonatal heel prick test in order to establish criteria for the confi...

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Published in:Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo Vol. 61; pp. e30 - 7
Main Authors: Storchilo, Heloisa Ribeiro, Rezende, Hanstter Hallison Alves, Gomes, Taynara Cristina, Souza, Jéssica Yonara de, Gomes Junior, Antonio Roberto, Avelino, Mariza Martins, Amaral, Waldemar Naves do, Castro, Ana Maria de
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Brazil Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo 01-01-2019
Instituto de Medicina Tropical
Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
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Summary:Toxoplasma gondii can cross the placental barrier, causing fetal infection with potentially severe sequelae. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the serological screening for toxoplasmosis should be included in the basic neonatal heel prick test in order to establish criteria for the confirmation and/or exclusion of the diagnosis of congenital infection in newborns treated at three public health units in the metropolitan region of Goiania, Goias State, Brazil. Blood samples were collected on filter paper from newborns and later, peripheral blood samples from the mothers and their respective children were obtained to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of suspected congenital infection, by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IgM and IgG) and a polymerase chain reaction assay. From a total of 1,159 blood samples collected on filter paper, 43.92% were reactive to IgG and 0.17% to anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG. One hundred and twenty-seven paired samples (mother and child) were collected following consensual protocols for peripheral blood collection. Results obtained from the filter paper and peripheral blood of the newborns were 90.55% concordant. A comparison of the mother and child blood test results showed agreement regarding the detection of IgG in 90.48% of the samples. The parasite DNA was detected in the peripheral blood of one child. In view of the results obtained in this study, the inclusion of the serological screening for toxoplasmosis in the newborn heel prick test proved to be effective for the early detection of congenital T. gondii infection.
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Heloisa Ribeiro Storchilo: responsible for the contact with administrators of the health units included in the study, sample collection, experimental procedures, data analysis and writing of the scientific article. Hanstter Hallison Alves Rezende: responsible for the contact with administrator of the Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde (CAIS) Nova Era (CNE) in Aparecida de Goiânia, Goiás, sample collection and contribution in writing the scientific article. Taynara Cristina Gomes: responsible for the contact with administrators of the health units included in the study, sample collection and contribution to the writing of the scientific article. Jéssica Yonara de Souza: contributed to the experimental procedure and to the writing of the scientific article. Antonio Roberto Gomes Junior: contributed to the experimental procedure and to the writing of the scientific article. Mariza Martins Avelino: responsible for the medical monitoring of the children who presented conclusive diagnosis of congenital infection and contribution to the writing of the scientific article. Waldemar Naves do Amaral: responsible for the medical monitoring of the children who presented conclusive diagnosis of congenital infection and contribution to the writing of the scientific article. Ana Maria de Castro: coordinator and supervisor, acting in all stages of laboratory execution and in the final conception of the research project article.
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ISSN:1678-9946
0036-4665
1678-9946
DOI:10.1590/s1678-9946201961030