Spatial variability of some soil properties varies in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantations of west coastal area of India

Mapping spatial variability of soil properties is the key to efficient soil resource management for sustainable crop yield. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the spatial variability of soil properties such as acidity (pH), salinity (electrical conductivity (EC)), organic carbon, a...

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Published in:	Solid earth (Göttingen) Vol. 7; no. 3; pp. 979 - 993
Main Authors:	Behera, Sanjib Kumar, Suresh, Kancherla, Rao, Bezawada Narsimha, Mathur, Ravi Kumar, Shukla, Arvind Kumar, Manorama, Kamireddy, Ramachandrudu, Kummari, Harinarayana, Parasa, Prakash, Chandra
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Gottingen Copernicus GmbH 28-06-2016 Copernicus Publications
Subjects:	Acidic soils Acidity Agriculture Analysis Calcium Carbon Coastal areas Coastal zone Crop yield Distribution patterns Earth science Elaeis guineensis Electrical conductivity Electrical resistivity Fertilizers Global positioning systems GPS Humidity Magnesium Mapping Nutrients Oil Organic carbon Palm pH effects Plantations Resource management Soil (material) Soil analysis Soil chemistry Soil layers Soil pH Soil properties Soils Spatial distribution Spatial variations Sustainability Sustainable agriculture Sustainable yield India ISW, India, Goa India, Goa, South Goa Dist
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Abstract	Mapping spatial variability of soil properties is the key to efficient soil resource management for sustainable crop yield. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the spatial variability of soil properties such as acidity (pH), salinity (electrical conductivity (EC)), organic carbon, available K, available P, exchangeable Ca super(2+), exchangeable Mg super(2+), available S and hot water soluble B in surface (0-20?cm) and subsurface (20-40?cm) soil layers of oil palm plantations in south Goa district of Goa located in west coastal area of India. A total of 128 soil samples were collected from 64 oil palm plantations of Goa located at an approximate interval of 1-2?km and analyzed. Soil was acidic to neutral in reaction. Other soil properties varied widely in both the soil layers. Correlations between soil pH and exchangeable Ca super(2+), between soil EC and available K, between available P and available S and between exchangeable Ca super(2+) and exchangeable Mg super(2+) in both the soil layers were found to be positive and significant (P < 0.01). Geostatistical analysis revealed a varied spatial distribution pattern for the measured soil properties. Best-fit models for measured soil properties were exponential, Gaussian, stable, K-Bessel and spherical with moderate to strong spatial dependency. The results revealed that site-specific fertilizer management options needed to be adopted in the oil palm plantations of the study area owing to variability in soil properties.
AbstractList	Mapping spatial variability of soil properties is the key to efficient soil resource management for sustainable crop yield. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the spatial variability of soil properties such as acidity (pH), salinity (electrical conductivity (EC)), organic carbon, available K, available P, exchangeable Ca2+, exchangeable Mg2+, available S and hot water soluble B in surface (0--20 cm) and subsurface (20--40 cm) soil layers of oil palm plantations in south Goa district of Goa located in west coastal area of India. A total of 128 soil samples were collected from 64 oil palm plantations of Goa located at an approximate interval of 1--2 km and analyzed. Soil was acidic to neutral in reaction. Other soil properties varied widely in both the soil layers. Correlations between soil pH and exchangeable Ca2+, between soil EC and available K, between available P and available S and between exchangeable Ca2+ and exchangeable Mg2+ in both the soil layers were found to be positive and significant (P < 0.01). Geostatistical analysis revealed a varied spatial distribution pattern for the measured soil properties. Best-fit models for measured soil properties were exponential, Gaussian, stable, K-Bessel and spherical with moderate to strong spatial dependency. The results revealed that site-specific fertilizer management options needed to be adopted in the oil palm plantations of the study area owing to variability in soil properties. Mapping spatial variability of soil properties is the key to efficient soil resource management for sustainable crop yield. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the spatial variability of soil properties such as acidity (pH), salinity (electrical conductivity (EC)), organic carbon, available K, available P, exchangeable Ca.sup.2+, exchangeable Mg.sup.2+, available S and hot water soluble B in surface (0-20â¯cm) and subsurface (20-40â¯cm) soil layers of oil palm plantations in south Goa district of Goa located in west coastal area of India. A total of 128 soil samples were collected from 64 oil palm plantations of Goa located at an approximate interval of 1-2â¯km and analyzed. Soil was acidic to neutral in reaction. Other soil properties varied widely in both the soil layers. Correlations between soil pH and exchangeable Ca.sup.2+, between soil EC and available K, between available P and available S and between exchangeable Ca.sup.2+ and exchangeable Mg.sup.2+ in both the soil layers were found to be positive and significant (P < 0.01). Geostatistical analysis revealed a varied spatial distribution pattern for the measured soil properties. Best-fit models for measured soil properties were exponential, Gaussian, stable, K-Bessel and spherical with moderate to strong spatial dependency. The results revealed that site-specific fertilizer management options needed to be adopted in the oil palm plantations of the study area owing to variability in soil properties. Mapping spatial variability of soil properties is the key to efficient soil resource management for sustainable crop yield. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the spatial variability of soil properties such as acidity (pH), salinity (electrical conductivity (EC)), organic carbon, available K, available P, exchangeable Ca super(2+), exchangeable Mg super(2+), available S and hot water soluble B in surface (0-20?cm) and subsurface (20-40?cm) soil layers of oil palm plantations in south Goa district of Goa located in west coastal area of India. A total of 128 soil samples were collected from 64 oil palm plantations of Goa located at an approximate interval of 1-2?km and analyzed. Soil was acidic to neutral in reaction. Other soil properties varied widely in both the soil layers. Correlations between soil pH and exchangeable Ca super(2+), between soil EC and available K, between available P and available S and between exchangeable Ca super(2+) and exchangeable Mg super(2+) in both the soil layers were found to be positive and significant (P < 0.01). Geostatistical analysis revealed a varied spatial distribution pattern for the measured soil properties. Best-fit models for measured soil properties were exponential, Gaussian, stable, K-Bessel and spherical with moderate to strong spatial dependency. The results revealed that site-specific fertilizer management options needed to be adopted in the oil palm plantations of the study area owing to variability in soil properties.
Audience	Academic
Author	Mathur, Ravi Kumar Ramachandrudu, Kummari Prakash, Chandra Shukla, Arvind Kumar Manorama, Kamireddy Harinarayana, Parasa Behera, Sanjib Kumar Suresh, Kancherla Rao, Bezawada Narsimha
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SubjectTerms	Acidic soils Acidity Agriculture Analysis Calcium Carbon Coastal areas Coastal zone Crop yield Distribution patterns Earth science Elaeis guineensis Electrical conductivity Electrical resistivity Fertilizers Global positioning systems GPS Humidity Magnesium Mapping Nutrients Oil Organic carbon Palm pH effects Plantations Resource management Soil (material) Soil analysis Soil chemistry Soil layers Soil pH Soil properties Soils Spatial distribution Spatial variations Sustainability Sustainable agriculture Sustainable yield
Title	Spatial variability of some soil properties varies in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantations of west coastal area of India
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