Transformation of 3- or 4-picoline under sulfate-reducing conditions

• Published in: Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 59; no. 3; pp. 701 - 705
• Main Authors: Kaiser, J.P. (Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA), Minard, R.D, Bollag, J.M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Society for Microbiology 01-03-1993
• Subjects: 560300 > Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology; ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS; ANAEROBIOSE; ANAEROBIOSIS; AZINES; BACTERIA; BIODEGRADACION; BIODEGRADATION; Biodegradation of pollutants; Biological and medical sciences; BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS; Biology; Biotechnology; CHEMICAL REACTIONS; COMPOSE HETEROCYCLIQUE; COMPOSE ORGANOAZOTE; COMPUESTO ORGANICO DEL NITROGENO; COMPUESTOS HETEROCICLICOS; DECOMPOSITION; Environment and pollution; Environmental and Public Health Microbiology; ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; FLORA DEL SUELO; FLORE DU SOL; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; GROUND WATER; HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS; HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS; Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects; INDUSTRIAL WASTES; METABOLISME; METABOLISMO; MICROORGANISMS; MINERALISATION; MINERALIZACION; NITRATES; NITROGEN COMPOUNDS; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS; OXYGEN COMPOUNDS; PICOLINES; PIRIDINAS; POLLUTANTS; POLLUTION DU SOL; POLUCION DEL SUELO; PYRIDINE; PYRIDINES; RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT; REACCIONES QUIMICAS; REACTION CHIMIQUE; REDUCING AGENTS; SOILS; SOL ANTHROPOGENE; SULFATES; Sulfur; SULFUR COMPOUNDS; TIPOS ANTROPOGENICOS DE SUELOS; WASTES; WATER 540220 > Environment, Terrestrial > Chemicals Monitoring & Transport > (1990-); Biodegradation; Culture medium; Pollutant; Soils; Mixed microorganism culture; Isolation; Aromatic compound; Microorganism; Metabolism; Sulfates; Contamination; Pyridine derivatives
• ISSN: 0099-2240; 1098-5336
• DOI: 10.1128/aem.59.3.701-705.1993

A microbial population which transformed 3- and 4-picoline under sulfate-reducing conditions was isolated from a subsurface soil which had been previously exposed to different N-substituted aromatic compounds for several years. In the presence of sulfate, the microbial culture transformed 3- and 4-picoline (0.4 mM) within 30 days. From the amounts of ammonia released and of sulfide that were determined during the transformation of 3-picoline, it can be concluded that the parent compound was mineralized to carbon dioxide and ammonia. During the transformation of 4-picoline, a UV-absorbing intermediate accumulated in the culture medium. This metabolite was identified as 2-hydroxy-4-picoline by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and its further transformation was detected only after an additional month of incubation. The small amount of sulfide produced during the oxidation of 4-picoline and the generation of the hydroxylated metabolite indicated that the initial step in the metabolic pathway of 4-picoline was a monohydroxylation at position 2 of the heterocyclic aromatic ring. The 3- and 4-picoline-degrading cultures could also transform benzoic acid; however, the other methylated pyridine derivatives, 2-picoline, dimethylpyridines, and trimethylpyridines, were not degraded