Antibody response to equine coronavirus in horses inoculated with a bovine coronavirus vaccine

• Published in: Journal of Veterinary Medical Science Vol. 79; no. 11; pp. 1889 - 1891
• Main Authors: NEMOTO, Manabu, KANNO, Toru, BANNAI, Hiroshi, TSUJIMURA, Koji, YAMANAKA, Takashi, KOKADO, Hiroshi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE 01-11-2017; Japan Science and Technology Agency; The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science
• Subjects: Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Antibody Formation; Antibody response; Betacoronavirus 1 - immunology; bovine coronavirus; Coronaviridae; Coronavirus Infections - prevention & control; Coronavirus Infections - veterinary; Coronavirus, Bovine - immunology; Coronaviruses; equine coronavirus; Horse Diseases - immunology; Horse Diseases - prevention & control; Horse Diseases - virology; Horses; Immunization; Immunoglobulins; Inoculation; Neutralization; Vaccination - veterinary; vaccine; Vaccines; Vaccines - immunology; Virology; Viruses; vaccine; equine coronavirus; bovine coronavirus; horses
• ISSN: 0916-7250; 1347-7439
• DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0414

A vaccine for equine coronavirus (ECoV) is so far unavailable. Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is antigenically related to ECoV; it is therefore possible that BCoV vaccine will induce antibodies against ECoV in horses. This study investigated antibody response to ECoV in horses inoculated with BCoV vaccine. Virus neutralization tests showed that antibody titers against ECoV increased in all six horses tested at 14 days post inoculation, although the antibody titers were lower against ECoV than against BCoV. This study showed that BCoV vaccine provides horses with antibodies against ECoV to some extent. It is unclear whether antibodies provided by BCoV vaccine are effective against ECoV, and therefore ECoV challenge studies are needed to evaluate efficacy of the vaccine in the future.