Interaction of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Visualized in the Cell-IQ System

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 28; no. 10; p. 4148
• Main Authors: Lazarev, Sergey, Uzhviyuk, Sofya, Rayev, Mikhail, Timganova, Valeria, Bochkova, Maria, Khaziakhmatova, Olga, Malashchenko, Vladimir, Litvinova, Larisa, Zamorina, Svetlana
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 17-05-2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Body fat; Bone marrow; Cell culture; cell growth; Cell viability; Cell-IQ; Cytotoxicity; Drug delivery; Drug Delivery Systems; Drugs; Graphene; graphene oxide nanoparticles; Graphite; Graphite - metabolism; Graphite - pharmacology; Growth rate; human mesenchymal stem cells; Humans; Integrated software; Intelligence; Internalization; Mesenchymal stem cells; Mesenchymal Stem Cells - metabolism; Mobility; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; Nanostructures; PEG; Polyethylene glycol; Regenerative medicine; Statistical analysis; Stem cells; Vehicles; Visualization; graphene oxide nanoparticles; PEG; cell viability; human mesenchymal stem cells; cell growth; flow cytometry; Cell-IQ
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104148

Graphene oxide is a promising nanomaterial with many potential applications. However, before it can be widely used in areas such as drug delivery and medical diagnostics, its influence on various cell populations in the human body must be studied to ensure its safety. We investigated the interaction of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in the Cell-IQ system, evaluating cell viability, mobility, and growth rate. GO nanoparticles of different sizes coated with linear or branched polyethylene glycol (P or bP, respectively) were used at concentrations of 5 and 25 μg/mL. Designations were the following: P-GOs (Ø 184 ± 73 nm), bP-GOs (Ø 287 ± 52 nm), P-GOb (Ø 569 ± 14 nm), and bP-GOb (Ø 1376 ± 48 nm). After incubating the cells with all types of nanoparticles for 24 h, the internalization of the nanoparticles by the cells was observed. We found that all GO nanoparticles used in this study exerted a cytotoxic effect on hMSCs when used at a high concentration (25 μg/mL), whereas at a low concentration (5 μg/mL) a cytotoxic effect was observed only for bP-GOb particles. We also found that P-GOs particles decreased cell mobility at a concentration of 25 μg/mL, whereas bP-GOb particles increased it. Larger particles (P-GOb and bP-GOb) increased the rate of movement of hMSCs regardless of concentration. There were no statistically significant differences in the growth rate of cells compared with the control group.