Physiological impacts of soil pollution and arsenic uptake in three plant species: Agrostis capillaris, Solanum nigrum and Vicia faba

• Published in: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Vol. 90; pp. 28 - 34
• Main Authors: Austruy, A., Wanat, N., Moussard, C., Vernay, P., Joussein, E., Ledoigt, G., Hitmi, A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: San Diego, CA Elsevier Inc 01-04-2013; Elsevier
• Subjects: Agricultural sciences; Agrostis - drug effects; Agrostis - metabolism; Agrostis capillaris; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Applied ecology; arsenic; Arsenic - analysis; Arsenic - metabolism; Arsenic - toxicity; Arsenic uptake; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biological and medical sciences; Biomass; biomass production; cadmium; Chlorophyll a fluorescence; Contaminated soil; copper; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; indigenous species; lead; Leaf gas exchanges; leaves; Life Sciences; Lipid peroxidation; photosynthesis; Plant Leaves - drug effects; Plant Roots - drug effects; pollutants; polluted soils; roots; Soil - chemistry; Soil Pollutants - metabolism; Soil Pollutants - toxicity; soil pollution; Solanum nigrum; Solanum nigrum - drug effects; Solanum nigrum - metabolism; Terrestrial environment, soil, air; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - metabolism; Vicia faba; Vicia faba - drug effects; Vicia faba - metabolism; wastelands; Lipid peroxidation; Chlorophyll a fluorescence; Arsenic uptake; Contaminated soil; Leaf gas exchanges; Monocotyledones; Arsenic; Toxicity; Fluorescence; Lipids; Soil pollution; Gramineae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Solanaceae; Peroxidation; Ecotoxicology; Plant leaf; Vicia faba; Uptake; Heavy metal; Chlorophyll a; Pollutant; Solanum nigrum; Leguminosae; Agrostis capillaris; Environment; Spermatophyta; Gas exchange; CONTAMINATED SOIL; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; TOLERANCE; L; STRATEGIES; EXTRACTION; METALS; METABOLISM; SPECIATION; INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS
• ISSN: 0147-6513; 1090-2414
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.12.008

In order to revegetate an industrial soil polluted by trace metals and metalloids (As, Pb, Cu, Cd, Sb), the impact of pollution on three plant species, Solanum nigrum and Agrostis capillaris, both native species in an industrial site, and Vicia faba, a plant model species, is studied. Following the study of soil pollution from the industrial wasteland of Auzon, it appears that the As is the principal pollutant. Particular attention is given to this metalloid, both in its content and its speciation in the soil that the level of its accumulation in plants. In V. faba and A. capillaris, the trace metals and metalloids inhibit the biomass production and involve a lipid peroxidation in the leaves. Furthermore, these pollutants cause a photosynthesis perturbation by stomatal limitations and a dysfunction of photosystem II. Whatever the plant, the As content is less than 0.1 percent of dry matter, the majority of As absorbed is stored in the roots which play the role of trap organ. In parallel, the culture of S. nigrum decreases significantly the exchangeable and weakly adsorbed fraction of As in rhizospheric soil. This study has highlighted the ability of tolerance to trace metals of S. nigrum and to a lesser extent A. capillaris. Our data indicate that V. faba is not tolerant to soil pollution and is not a metallophyte species.
► Physiological effect of metal pollution on different herbaceous plants. ► Trace metal and metalloid pollution inhibits the stomatal conductance and PSII activity. ► Arsenic content in the plants is less than 0.1 percent DW, a majority is stored in the roots. ► The culture of S. nigrum has allowed to reduce the portion of As bioavailable