Chronic Airway Hyperreactivity, Goblet Cell Hyperplasia, and Peribronchial Fibrosis during Allergic Airway Disease Induced by Aspergillus fumigatus

• Published in: The American journal of pathology Vol. 156; no. 2; pp. 723 - 732
• Main Authors: Hogaboam, Cory M., Blease, Kate, Mehrad, Borna, Steinhauser, Matthew L., Standiford, Theodore J., Kunkel, Steven L., Lukacs, Nicholas W.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bethesda, MD Elsevier Inc 01-02-2000; ASIP; American Society for Investigative Pathology
• Subjects: Allergic diseases; Animal Models; Animals; Aspergillus fumigatus - immunology; Biological and medical sciences; Bronchi - pathology; Bronchial Hyperreactivity - etiology; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - cytology; Chronic Disease; Cytokines - metabolism; Eosinophils - pathology; Female; Fibrosis; Goblet Cells - pathology; Hyperplasia; Hypersensitivity - complications; Hypersensitivity - pathology; Immunization; Immunoglobulin E - blood; Immunopathology; Lung - metabolism; Lymphocytes - pathology; Medical sciences; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Respiratory and ent allergic diseases; Immunopathology; Allergy; Animal model; Hyperreactivity; Mycosis; Respiratory disease; Hyperplasia; Rodentia; Asthma; Fungi; Infection; Pathology; Goblet cell; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Mouse; Animal; Fibrosis; Obstructive pulmonary disease; Fungi Imperfecti; Aspergillus fumigatus; Morphometry; Thallophyta
• ISSN: 0002-9440; 1525-2191
• DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64775-X

Clinical allergic airway disease is associated with persistent airway hyperreactivity and remodeling, but little is known about the mechanisms leading to these alterations. This paucity of information is related in part to the absence of chronic models of allergic airway disease. Herein we describe a model of persistent airway hyperreactivity, goblet cell hyperplasia, and subepithelial fibrosis that is initiated by the intratracheal introduction of
Aspergillus fumigatus spores or conidia into the airways of mice previously sensitized to
A. fumigatus. Similar persistent airway alterations were not observed in nonsensitized mice challenged with
A. fumigatus conidia alone.
A. fumigatus-sensitized mice exhibited significantly enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness to a methacholine challenge that was still present at 30 days after the conidia challenge. Eosinophils and lymphocytes were present in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from
A. fumigatus-sensitized mice at all times after conidia challenge. Compared with levels measured in
A. fumigatus-sensitized mice immediately before conidia, significantly elevated interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and transforming growth factor (TGF-β. levels were present in whole lung homogenates up to 7 days after the conidia challenge. At day 30 after conidia challenge, significantly elevated levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 were present in the
A. fumigatus-sensitized mice. Histological analysis revealed profound goblet cell hyperplasia and airway fibrosis at days 30 after conidia, and the latter finding was confirmed by hydroxyproline measurements. Thus the introduction of
A. fumigatus conidia into
A. fumigatus- sensitized mice results in persistent airway hyperresponsiveness, fibrosis, and goblet cell hyperplasia.