Air quality improvement during triple-lockdown in the coastal city of Kannur, Kerala to combat Covid-19 transmission

Air quality improvement during triple-lockdown in the coastal city of Kannur, Kerala to combat Covid-19 transmission

The novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that emerged in the city of Wuhan, China, last year has since become the COVID-19 pandemic across all continents. To restrict the spread of the virus pandemic, the Government of India imposed a lockdown from 25 March 2020. In India, Kannur district was identified as...

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Published in:PeerJ (San Francisco, CA) Vol. 8; p. e9642
Main Authors: Resmi, C.T, Nishanth, T, Satheesh Kumar, M.K, Manoj, M.G, Balachandramohan, M, Valsaraj, K.T
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: San Diego PeerJ. Ltd 31-07-2020
PeerJ, Inc
PeerJ Inc
Subjects:
Air pollutants
Air pollution
Air quality
Air quality indexes
Air temperature
Ammonia
Atmospheric Chemistry
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Disease hot spots
Ecosystem Science
Epidemics
Health aspects
Kannur
Lockdown
Nitrogen dioxide
Outdoor air quality
Pandemics
Pollution control
Quality control
Radiation (Physics)
Relative humidity
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Solar radiation
Troposphere
VOCs
Volatile organic compounds
Kerala India
China
India
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Abstract The novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that emerged in the city of Wuhan, China, last year has since become the COVID-19 pandemic across all continents. To restrict the spread of the virus pandemic, the Government of India imposed a lockdown from 25 March 2020. In India, Kannur district was identified as the first "hotspot" of virus transmission and a "triple-lockdown" was implemented for a span of twenty days from 20 April 2020. This article highlights the variations of surface O.sub.3 , NO, NO.sub.2 , CO, SO.sub.2, NH.sub.3 , VOC's, PM.sub.10 , PM.sub.2.5 and meteorological parameters at the time of pre-lockdown, lockdown and triple-lockdown days at Kannur town in south India using ground-based analyzers. From pre-lockdown days to triple-lockdown days, surface O.sub.3 concentration was found to increase by 22% in this VOC limited environment. NO and NO.sub.2 concentrations were decreased by 61% and 71% respectively. The concentration of PM.sub.10 and PM.sub.2.5 were observed to decline significantly by 61% and 53% respectively. Reduction in PM.sub.10 during lockdown and triple-lockdown days enhanced the intensity of solar radiation reaching the lower troposphere, and increased air temperature and reduced the relative humidity. Owing to this, surface O.sub.3 production over Kannur was found to have increased during triple-lockdown days. The concentration of CO (67%), VOCs (61%), SO.sub.2 (62%) and NH.sub.3 (16%) were found to decrease significantly from pre-lockdown days to triple-lockdown days. The air quality index revealed that the air quality at the observational site was clean during the lockdown.
AbstractList The novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that emerged in the city of Wuhan, China, last year has since become the COVID-19 pandemic across all continents. To restrict the spread of the virus pandemic, the Government of India imposed a lockdown from 25 March 2020. In India, Kannur district was identified as the first "hotspot" of virus transmission and a "triple-lockdown" was implemented for a span of twenty days from 20 April 2020. This article highlights the variations of surface O.sub.3 , NO, NO.sub.2 , CO, SO.sub.2, NH.sub.3 , VOC's, PM.sub.10 , PM.sub.2.5 and meteorological parameters at the time of pre-lockdown, lockdown and triple-lockdown days at Kannur town in south India using ground-based analyzers. From pre-lockdown days to triple-lockdown days, surface O.sub.3 concentration was found to increase by 22% in this VOC limited environment. NO and NO.sub.2 concentrations were decreased by 61% and 71% respectively. The concentration of PM.sub.10 and PM.sub.2.5 were observed to decline significantly by 61% and 53% respectively. Reduction in PM.sub.10 during lockdown and triple-lockdown days enhanced the intensity of solar radiation reaching the lower troposphere, and increased air temperature and reduced the relative humidity. Owing to this, surface O.sub.3 production over Kannur was found to have increased during triple-lockdown days. The concentration of CO (67%), VOCs (61%), SO.sub.2 (62%) and NH.sub.3 (16%) were found to decrease significantly from pre-lockdown days to triple-lockdown days. The air quality index revealed that the air quality at the observational site was clean during the lockdown.
The novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that emerged in the city of Wuhan, China, last year has since become the COVID-19 pandemic across all continents. To restrict the spread of the virus pandemic, the Government of India imposed a lockdown from 25 March 2020. In India, Kannur district was identified as the first "hotspot" of virus transmission and a "triple-lockdown" was implemented for a span of twenty days from 20 April 2020. This article highlights the variations of surface O3, NO, NO2, CO, SO2, NH3, VOC's, PM10, PM2.5 and meteorological parameters at the time of pre-lockdown, lockdown and triple-lockdown days at Kannur town in south India using ground-based analyzers. From pre-lockdown days to triple-lockdown days, surface O3 concentration was found to increase by 22% in this VOC limited environment. NO and NO2 concentrations were decreased by 61% and 71% respectively. The concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 were observed to decline significantly by 61% and 53% respectively. Reduction in PM10 during lockdown and triple-lockdown days enhanced the intensity of solar radiation reaching the lower troposphere, and increased air temperature and reduced the relative humidity. Owing to this, surface O3 production over Kannur was found to have increased during triple-lockdown days. The concentration of CO (67%), VOCs (61%), SO2 (62%) and NH3 (16%) were found to decrease significantly from pre-lockdown days to triple-lockdown days. The air quality index revealed that the air quality at the observational site was clean during the lockdown.
The novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that emerged in the city of Wuhan, China, last year has since become the COVID-19 pandemic across all continents. To restrict the spread of the virus pandemic, the Government of India imposed a lockdown from 25 March 2020. In India, Kannur district was identified as the first “hotspot” of virus transmission and a “triple-lockdown” was implemented for a span of twenty days from 20 April 2020. This article highlights the variations of surface O 3 , NO, NO 2 , CO, SO 2, NH 3 , VOC’s, PM 10 , PM 2.5 and meteorological parameters at the time of pre-lockdown, lockdown and triple-lockdown days at Kannur town in south India using ground-based analyzers. From pre-lockdown days to triple-lockdown days, surface O 3 concentration was found to increase by 22% in this VOC limited environment. NO and NO 2 concentrations were decreased by 61% and 71% respectively. The concentration of PM 10 and PM 2.5 were observed to decline significantly by 61% and 53% respectively. Reduction in PM 10 during lockdown and triple-lockdown days enhanced the intensity of solar radiation reaching the lower troposphere, and increased air temperature and reduced the relative humidity. Owing to this, surface O 3 production over Kannur was found to have increased during triple-lockdown days. The concentration of CO (67%), VOCs (61%), SO 2 (62%) and NH 3 (16%) were found to decrease significantly from pre-lockdown days to triple-lockdown days. The air quality index revealed that the air quality at the observational site was clean during the lockdown.
ArticleNumber e9642
Audience Academic
Author Satheesh Kumar, M.K
Manoj, M.G
Valsaraj, K.T
Resmi, C.T
Nishanth, T
Balachandramohan, M
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SSID ssj0000826083
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Snippet The novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that emerged in the city of Wuhan, China, last year has since become the COVID-19 pandemic across all continents. To restrict...
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StartPage e9642
SubjectTerms Air pollutants
Air pollution
Air quality
Air quality indexes
Air temperature
Ammonia
Atmospheric Chemistry
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Disease hot spots
Ecosystem Science
Epidemics
Health aspects
Kannur
Lockdown
Nitrogen dioxide
Outdoor air quality
Pandemics
Pollution control
Quality control
Radiation (Physics)
Relative humidity
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Solar radiation
Troposphere
VOCs
Volatile organic compounds
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Title Air quality improvement during triple-lockdown in the coastal city of Kannur, Kerala to combat Covid-19 transmission
URI https://www.proquest.com/docview/2429341199
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2436395851
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7397983
https://doaj.org/article/1ccbc0cea2ec49a884e2eaaeec6997e5
Volume 8
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