High Frequency of Virulence Factor Genes tdh, trh, and tlh in Vibrio parahaemolyticus Strains Isolated from a Pristine Estuary

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Published in:	Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 79; no. 7; pp. 2247 - 2252
Main Authors:	GUTIERREZ WEST, Casandra K, KLEIN, Savannah L, LOVELL, Charles R
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Washington, DC American Society for Microbiology 01-04-2013
Subjects:	Bacteria Biological and medical sciences Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA, Bacterial - genetics Estuaries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genes Hemolysin Proteins - genetics Microbial Ecology Microbiology Molecular Sequence Data Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Analysis, DNA Vibrio parahaemolyticus Vibrio parahaemolyticus - genetics Vibrio parahaemolyticus - isolation & purification Virulence Factors - genetics Water Microbiology Estuaries Vibrio parahaemolyticus Bacteria Vibrionaceae Gene Virulence
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Abstract	Classifications Services AEM Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue Spotlights in the Current Issue AEM About AEM Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy AEM RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0099-2240 Online ISSN: 1098-5336 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to AEM .asm.org, visit: AEM
AbstractList	Virulence factor genes encoding the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and the thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh) are strongly correlated with virulence of the emergent human pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The gene encoding the thermolabile hemolysin (tlh) is also considered a signature molecular marker for the species. These genes are typically reported in very low percentages (1 to 2%) of nonclinical strains. V. parahaemolyticus strains were isolated from various niches within a pristine estuary (North Inlet, SC) and were screened for these genes using both newly designed PCR primers and more commonly used primers. DNA sequences of tdh and trh were recovered from 48% and 8.3%, respectively, of these North Inlet strains. The recovery of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains in such high proportions from an estuarine ecosystem that is virtually free of anthropogenic influences indicates the potential for additional, perhaps environmental roles of the tdh and trh genes. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Virulence factor genes encoding the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and the thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh) are strongly correlated with virulence of the emergent human pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The gene encoding the thermolabile hemolysin (tlh) is also considered a signature molecular marker for the species. These genes are typically reported in very low percentages (1 to 2%) of nonclinical strains. V. parahaemolyticus strains were isolated from various niches within a pristine estuary (North Inlet, SC) and were screened for these genes using both newly designed PCR primers and more commonly used primers. DNA sequences of tdh and trh were recovered from 48% and 8.3%, respectively, of these North Inlet strains. The recovery of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains in such high proportions from an estuarine ecosystem that is virtually free of anthropogenic influences indicates the potential for additional, perhaps environmental roles of the tdh and trh genes. Classifications Services AEM Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue Spotlights in the Current Issue AEM About AEM Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy AEM RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0099-2240 Online ISSN: 1098-5336 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to AEM .asm.org, visit: AEM Virulence factor genes encoding the thermostable direct hemolysin ( tdh ) and the thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin ( trh ) are strongly correlated with virulence of the emergent human pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus . The gene encoding the thermolabile hemolysin ( tlh ) is also considered a signature molecular marker for the species. These genes are typically reported in very low percentages (1 to 2%) of nonclinical strains. V. parahaemolyticus strains were isolated from various niches within a pristine estuary (North Inlet, SC) and were screened for these genes using both newly designed PCR primers and more commonly used primers. DNA sequences of tdh and trh were recovered from 48% and 8.3%, respectively, of these North Inlet strains. The recovery of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains in such high proportions from an estuarine ecosystem that is virtually free of anthropogenic influences indicates the potential for additional, perhaps environmental roles of the tdh and trh genes.
Author	Charles R. Lovell Savannah L. Klein Casandra K. Gutierrez West
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Casandra K surname: GUTIERREZ WEST fullname: GUTIERREZ WEST, Casandra K organization: Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Savannah L surname: KLEIN fullname: KLEIN, Savannah L organization: Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Charles R surname: LOVELL fullname: LOVELL, Charles R organization: Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
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Snippet	Classifications Services AEM Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit... Virulence factor genes encoding the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and the thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh) are strongly correlated... Virulence factor genes encoding the thermostable direct hemolysin ( tdh ) and the thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin ( trh ) are strongly...
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StartPage	2247
SubjectTerms	Bacteria Biological and medical sciences Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA, Bacterial - genetics Estuaries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genes Hemolysin Proteins - genetics Microbial Ecology Microbiology Molecular Sequence Data Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Analysis, DNA Vibrio parahaemolyticus Vibrio parahaemolyticus - genetics Vibrio parahaemolyticus - isolation & purification Virulence Factors - genetics Water Microbiology
Title	High Frequency of Virulence Factor Genes tdh, trh, and tlh in Vibrio parahaemolyticus Strains Isolated from a Pristine Estuary
URI	http://aem.asm.org/content/79/7/2247.abstract https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23354697 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1317342147 https://search.proquest.com/docview/1443373669 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3623233
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