Multiple Modes of Vitamin K Actions in Aging-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that was originally found as an essential factor for blood coagulation. With the discovery of its role as a co-factor for γ-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX), its function for blood coagulation was understood as the activation of several blood coagulation factors by thei...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 20; no. 11; p. 2844
Main Authors:	Azuma, Kotaro, Inoue, Satoshi
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 11-06-2019 MDPI
Subjects:	Aging Aging - metabolism Androgens Animals Arthritis Bcl-2 protein Biocompatibility Biomedical materials Blood coagulation Bone loss Bone turnover Calcification Calcium-Binding Proteins - metabolism Carboxylation Cartilage Cartilage diseases Chondrocytes Enzymes Epidemiology Extracellular Matrix Proteins - metabolism Gene regulation Gla-rich protein (GRP) Humans Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Kinases Ligands Matrix Gla Protein matrix Gla protein (MGP) Metabolism Muscle strength Musculoskeletal diseases Musculoskeletal Diseases - metabolism Nucleotides Older people Osteoarthritis Osteoblasts osteocalcin Osteoporosis Osteoporosis - metabolism Peptides pregnane X receptor (PXR) Pregnane X Receptor - metabolism Protein kinase A Proteins Proteins - metabolism Review Sarcopenia Signal transduction Single-nucleotide polymorphism steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR) Steroids Transcription Vitamin K Vitamin K - metabolism Working groups γ-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) Japan γ-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) osteoarthritis matrix Gla protein (MGP) osteocalcin steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR) osteoporosis pregnane X receptor (PXR) Gla-rich protein (GRP) sarcopenia
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