Resistance exercise training improves glucose homeostasis by enhancing insulin secretion in C57BL/6 mice

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 11; no. 1; p. 8574
• Main Authors: Bronczek, Gabriela Alves, Soares, Gabriela Moreira, de Barros, Jaqueline Fernandes, Vettorazzi, Jean Franciesco, Kurauti, Mirian Ayumi, Marconato-Júnior, Emílio, Zangerolamo, Lucas, Marmentini, Carine, Boschero, Antonio Carlos, Costa-Júnior, José Maria
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 21-04-2021; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 631/337; 631/443; 631/553; 631/80; 692/163; 692/699; Apoptosis; Beta cells; Blood glucose; Body weight; Body weight gain; Carrying capacity; Endoplasmic reticulum; Fitness training programs; Gene expression; Glucose; Glucose tolerance; Homeostasis; Humanities and Social Sciences; Insulin; Insulin secretion; multidisciplinary; Physical training; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Secretion; Strength training
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88105-x

Resistance exercise exerts beneficial effects on glycemic control, which could be mediated by exercise-induced humoral factors released in the bloodstream. Here, we used C57Bl/6 healthy mice, submitted to resistance exercise training for 10 weeks. Trained mice presented higher muscle weight and maximum voluntary carrying capacity, combined with reduced body weight gain and fat deposition. Resistance training improved glucose tolerance and reduced glycemia, with no alterations in insulin sensitivity. In addition, trained mice displayed higher insulinemia in fed state, associated with increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Islets from trained mice showed reduced expression of genes related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, associated with increased expression of Ins2. INS-1E beta-cells incubated with serum from trained mice displayed similar pattern of insulin secretion and gene expression than isolated islets from trained mice. When exposed to CPA (an ER stress inducer), the serum from trained mice partially preserved the secretory function of INS-1E cells, and prevented CPA-induced apoptosis. These data suggest that resistance training, in healthy mice, improves glucose homeostasis by enhancing insulin secretion, which could be driven, at least in part, by humoral factors.