Hepatitis B seroprevalence in 10-25-year-olds in Mexico - the 2012 national health and nutrition survey (ENSANUT) results

• Published in: Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics Vol. 15; no. 2; pp. 433 - 439
• Main Authors: López-Gatell, Hugo, García-García, Lourdes, Echániz-Avilés, Gabriela, Cruz-Hervert, Pablo, Olamendi-Portugal, María, Castañeda-Desales, Deyanira, Sanchez-Alemán, Miguel Ángel, Romero-Martínez, Martin, DeAntonio, Rodrigo, Cervantes-Apolinar, Maria Yolanda, Cortes-Alcalá, Ricardo, Alpuche-Aranda, Celia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Taylor & Francis 01-02-2019; Taylor & Francis Group
• Subjects: Adolescent; adolescents; Adult; Biomarkers - blood; Child; Female; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B - epidemiology; Hepatitis B - immunology; Hepatitis B Antibodies - blood; Hepatitis B Vaccines - therapeutic use; Hepatitis B virus - immunology; Humans; Male; Mexico; Mexico - epidemiology; national health surveys; Nutrition Surveys; Research Paper; Seroepidemiologic Studies; seroprevalence; Young Adult; Mexico; seroprevalence; Mexico; national health surveys; adolescents; Hepatitis B
• ISSN: 2164-5515; 2164-554X
• DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1533617

Objectives: To estimate hepatitis B virus (HBV) seroprevalence from natural infection or vaccination in 10-25-year-olds in Mexico, using the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT).
Methods: Randomly selected serum samples (1,581) from adolescents and young adults, representative of 38,924,584 Mexicans, were analyzed to detect hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) and hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc). Weighted HBV seroprevalence in the Mexican population and association with sociodemographic variables were calculated.
Results: Overall weighted seroprevalence from natural infection (positive for anti-HBs and anti-HBc) was 0.23% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.10-0.52). No HBsAg was detected, indicating no acute or chronic infection. Vaccine-derived immunity (positive ≥ 10.0 mIU/ml for anti-HBs and negative to anti-HBc) was 44.7% (95% CI: 40.2-49.4) overall; lower in persons aged 20-25 years (40.83%) than in persons aged 10-19 years (47.7%). Among the population analyzed, 54.2% (95% CI: 49.6-58.8) were seronegative to HBV (negative for all three markers) and no sociodemographic risk factors were identified.
Conclusions: HBV seroprevalence from natural infection was low. Vaccination-induced immunity was higher among Mexican adolescents than young adults, possibly due to vaccination policies since 1999.