Malaria: even more chronic in nature than previously thought; evidence for subpatent parasitaemia detectable by the polymerase chain reaction
In high endemicity areas, malaria is a chronic disease: examination of blood films reveals that up to half of the population, particularly children, harbour parasites at any one given time. The parasitological status of the remainder was addressed using the polymerase chain reaction, a technique 100...
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| Published in: | Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Vol. 90; no. 1; pp. 15 - 19 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article Conference Proceeding |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
01-01-1996
Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Elsevier |
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| Abstract | In high endemicity areas, malaria is a chronic disease: examination of blood films reveals that up to half of the population, particularly children, harbour parasites at any one given time. The parasitological status of the remainder was addressed using the polymerase chain reaction, a technique 100 to 1000 times more sensitive than microscopy, on a series of samples from Dielmo, a holoendemic area of Senegal. Two-thirds of the microscopically negative individuals were found to harbour subpatent levels of
Plasmodium falciparum, suggesting that more than 90% of the exposed population at any one time, i.e. in a cross-sectional survey, are chronically infected. This also means that the range of parasite loads harboured by humans with various degrees of exposure is remarkably large, probably reflecting a large range of effectiveness of the defence mechanisms against malaria parasites, none of which is fully efficient. |
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| AbstractList | In high endemicity areas, malaria is a chronic disease: examination of blood films reveals that up to half of the population, particularly children, harbour parasites at any one given time. The parasitological status of the remainder was addressed using the polymerase chain reaction, a technique 100 to 1000 times more sensitive than microscopy, on a series of samples from Dielmo, a holoendemic area of Senegal. Two-thirds of the microscopically negative individuals were found to harbour subpatent levels of Plasmodium falciparum, suggesting that more than 90% of the exposed population at any one time, i.e. in a cross-sectional survey, are chronically infected. This also means that the range of parasite loads harboured by humans with various degrees of exposure is remarkably large, probably reflecting a large range of effectiveness of the defence mechanisms against malaria parasites, none of which is fully efficient. Abstract In high endemicity areas, malaria is a chronic disease: examination of blood films reveals that up to half of the population, particularly children, harbour parasites at any one given time. The parasitological status of the remainder was addressed using the polymerase chain reaction, a technique 100 to 1000 times more sensitive than microscopy, on a series of samples from Dielmo, a holoendemic area of Senegal. Two-thirds of the microscopically negative individuals were found to harbour subpatent levels of Plasmodium falciparum, suggesting that more than 90% of the exposed population at any one time, i.e. in a cross-sectional survey, are chronically infected. This also means that the range of parasite loads harboured by humans with various degrees of exposure is remarkably large, probably reflecting a large range of effectiveness of the defence mechanisms against malaria parasites, none of which is fully efficient. In high endemicity areas, malaria is a chronic disease: examination of blood films reveals that up to half of the population, particularly children, harbour parasites at any one given time. The parasitological status of the remainder was addressed using the polymerase chain reaction, a technique 100 to 1000 times more sensitive than microscopy, on a series of samples from Dielmo, a holoendemic area of Senegal. Two-thirds of the microscopically negative individuals were found to harbour subpatent levels of Plasmodium falciparum, suggesting that more than 90% of the exposed population at any one time, i.e. in a cross-sectional survey, are chronically infected. This also means that the range of parasite loads harboured by humans with various degrees of exposure is remarkably large, probably reflecting a large range of effectiveness of the defence mechanisms against malaria parasites, none of which is fully efficient. |
| Author | Bottius, Emmanuel Guanzirolli, Antonella Trape, Jean-François Rogier, Christophe Konate, L. Druilhe, Pierre |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Emmanuel surname: Bottius fullname: Bottius, Emmanuel organization: Parasitologie Bio-Médicale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Antonella surname: Guanzirolli fullname: Guanzirolli, Antonella organization: Parasitologie Bio-Médicale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France – sequence: 3 givenname: Jean-François surname: Trape fullname: Trape, Jean-François organization: ORSTOM, Dakar, Senegal – sequence: 4 givenname: Christophe surname: Rogier fullname: Rogier, Christophe organization: Institut Pasteur, Dakar, Senegal – sequence: 5 givenname: L. surname: Konate fullname: Konate, L. organization: ORSTOM, Dakar, Senegal – sequence: 6 givenname: Pierre surname: Druilhe fullname: Druilhe, Pierre organization: Parasitologie Bio-Médicale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France |
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| Keywords | Plasmodium falaparum malaria subpatent parasitaemia Senegal Infection Human Polymerase chain reaction Protozoa Plasmodium falciparum Protozoal disease Malaria Parasitosis Technique Molecular biology Parasitemia Sporozoa |
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| Snippet | In high endemicity areas, malaria is a chronic disease: examination of blood films reveals that up to half of the population, particularly children, harbour... Abstract In high endemicity areas, malaria is a chronic disease: examination of blood films reveals that up to half of the population, particularly children,... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Aged Biological and medical sciences Carrier State - diagnosis Carrier State - epidemiology Child Child, Preschool Chronic Disease Human protozoal diseases Humans Infant Infectious diseases Malaria Malaria, Falciparum - diagnosis Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology Medical sciences Middle Aged Molecular Sequence Data Parasitemia - diagnosis Parasitemia - epidemiology Parasitic diseases Plasmodium falaparum Polymerase Chain Reaction Prevalence Protozoal diseases Senegal Senegal - epidemiology subpatent parasitaemia Tropical medicine |
| Title | Malaria: even more chronic in nature than previously thought; evidence for subpatent parasitaemia detectable by the polymerase chain reaction |
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