Validation of the Parkinson's disease sleep scale in Japanese patients: A comparison study using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Polysomnography

• Published in: Journal of the neurological sciences Vol. 287; no. 1; pp. 36 - 40
• Main Authors: Uemura, Yusuke, Nomura, Takashi, Inoue, Yuichi, Yamawaki, Mika, Yasui, Kenichi, Nakashima, Kenji
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 15-12-2009; Elsevier
• Subjects: Aged; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Biological and medical sciences; Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology; Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases; Diagnosis, Differential; Epworth Sleepiness Scale; Female; Humans; Japan; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Neurology; Parkinson Disease - complications; Parkinson Disease - ethnology; Parkinson Disease - physiopathology; Parkinson's disease sleep scale; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; Polysomnography; Polysomnography - methods; Predictive Value of Tests; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder - diagnosis; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder - etiology; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder - physiopathology; REM sleep without atonia; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sleep Wake Disorders - diagnosis; Sleep Wake Disorders - etiology; Sleep Wake Disorders - physiopathology; Sleep, REM - physiology; Japan; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; Epworth Sleepiness Scale; Parkinson's disease sleep scale; Polysomnography; REM sleep without atonia; Human; Validation; Nervous system diseases; Parkinson disease; Atonia; Rapid eye movement sleep; Japanese; Cerebral disorder; Central nervous system disease; Degenerative disease; Sleep wake cycle; Comparative study; Extrapyramidal syndrome
• ISSN: 0022-510X; 1878-5883
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2009.09.015

Abstract Objective Characteristic sleep disturbance in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) was evaluated using a subjective questionnaire called the PD sleep scale (PDSS). In this study we sought to examine the relationship between the results from the PDSS with those from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and polysomnography (PSG) in Japanese PD patients. Subjects and methods Subjects were 79 PD patients and 79 age and gender matched controls. The length of morbidity in patients with PD was 8.4 ± 8.0 years, and their Hoehn and Yahr grade was 2.9 ± 1.0. All subjects completed the PDSS, PSQI, and ESS questionnaires, and we compared the results from patients with PD to controls. We also evaluated the correlation among the PDSS, PSQI, and ESS in patients with PD. Moreover, we performed PSG on 33 of 79 PD patients, and examined the correlation between the PDSS and PSG. Results PDSS total scores and subscales from patients with PD were significantly lower than those in controls, except for items 3, 8, and 14. PDSS scores had significant internal consistency and significant correlation with PSQI and ESS scores. The total PDSS score also correlated with sleep efficiency as measured by PSG. In subscales of the PDSS, night psychosis was negatively correlated with percentage of REM sleep without atonia on PSG. Discussion Based on our comparisons with PSQI, ESS, and PSG, the PDSS appears to be a reliable tool to evaluate the characteristics of sleep disturbances in PD patients.