Optimal tissue sampling during ERCP and emerging molecular techniques for the differentiation of benign and malignant biliary strictures

Optimal tissue sampling during ERCP and emerging molecular techniques for the differentiation of benign and malignant biliary strictures

Patients with cholangiocarcinoma have poor survival since the majority of patients are diagnosed at a stage precluding surgical resection, due to locally irresectable tumors and/or metastases. Optimization of diagnostic strategies, with a principal role for tissue diagnosis, is essential to detect c...

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Published in:Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology Vol. 14; p. 17562848211002023
Main Authors: Kamp, Eline J. C. A., Dinjens, Winand N. M., Doukas, Michail, Bruno, Marco J., de Jonge, Pieter Jan F., Peppelenbosch, Maikel P., de Vries, Annemarie C.
Format: Book Review Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London, England SAGE Publications 2021
Sage Publications Ltd
SAGE Publishing
Subjects:
Biopsy
Cholangiocarcinoma
DNA methylation
Endoscopy
Gastroenterology
Review
Tumors
chromosomal imbalance
mutation
immunohistochemistry
next-generation sequencing
epigenetics
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Abstract Patients with cholangiocarcinoma have poor survival since the majority of patients are diagnosed at a stage precluding surgical resection, due to locally irresectable tumors and/or metastases. Optimization of diagnostic strategies, with a principal role for tissue diagnosis, is essential to detect cancers at an earlier stage amenable to curative treatment. Current barriers for a tissue diagnosis include both insufficient tissue sampling and a difficult cyto- or histopathological assessment. During endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, optimal brush sampling includes obtaining more than one brush within an individual patient to increase its diagnostic value. Currently, no significant increase of the diagnostic accuracy for the new cytology brush devices aiming to enhance the cellularity of brushings versus standard biliary brush devices has been demonstrated. Peroral cholangioscopy with bile duct biopsies appears to be a valuable tool in the diagnostic work-up of indeterminate biliary strictures, and may overcome current technical difficulties of fluoroscopic-guided biopsies. Over the past years, molecular techniques to detect chromosomal instability, mutations and methylation profiling of tumors have revolutionized, and implementation of these techniques on biliary tissue during diagnostic work-up of biliary strictures may be awaited in the near future. Fluorescence in situ hybridization has already been implemented in routine diagnostic evaluation of biliary strictures in several centers. Next-generation sequencing is promising for standard diagnostic care in biliary strictures, and recent studies have shown adequate detection of prevalent genomic alterations in KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A, SMAD4, PIK3CA, and GNAS on biliary brush material. Detection of DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes and microRNAs may evolve over the coming years to a valuable diagnostic tool for cholangiocarcinoma. This review summarizes optimal strategies for biliary tissue sampling during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and focuses on the evolving molecular techniques on biliary tissue to improve the differentiation of benign and malignant biliary strictures.
AbstractList Patients with cholangiocarcinoma have poor survival since the majority of patients are diagnosed at a stage precluding surgical resection, due to locally irresectable tumors and/or metastases. Optimization of diagnostic strategies, with a principal role for tissue diagnosis, is essential to detect cancers at an earlier stage amenable to curative treatment. Current barriers for a tissue diagnosis include both insufficient tissue sampling and a difficult cyto- or histopathological assessment. During endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, optimal brush sampling includes obtaining more than one brush within an individual patient to increase its diagnostic value. Currently, no significant increase of the diagnostic accuracy for the new cytology brush devices aiming to enhance the cellularity of brushings versus standard biliary brush devices has been demonstrated. Peroral cholangioscopy with bile duct biopsies appears to be a valuable tool in the diagnostic work-up of indeterminate biliary strictures, and may overcome current technical difficulties of fluoroscopic-guided biopsies. Over the past years, molecular techniques to detect chromosomal instability, mutations and methylation profiling of tumors have revolutionized, and implementation of these techniques on biliary tissue during diagnostic work-up of biliary strictures may be awaited in the near future. Fluorescence in situ hybridization has already been implemented in routine diagnostic evaluation of biliary strictures in several centers. Next-generation sequencing is promising for standard diagnostic care in biliary strictures, and recent studies have shown adequate detection of prevalent genomic alterations in KRAS , TP53 , CDKN2A , SMAD4 , PIK3CA , and GNAS on biliary brush material. Detection of DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes and microRNAs may evolve over the coming years to a valuable diagnostic tool for cholangiocarcinoma. This review summarizes optimal strategies for biliary tissue sampling during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and focuses on the evolving molecular techniques on biliary tissue to improve the differentiation of benign and malignant biliary strictures.
Patients with cholangiocarcinoma have poor survival since the majority of patients are diagnosed at a stage precluding surgical resection, due to locally irresectable tumors and/or metastases. Optimization of diagnostic strategies, with a principal role for tissue diagnosis, is essential to detect cancers at an earlier stage amenable to curative treatment. Current barriers for a tissue diagnosis include both insufficient tissue sampling and a difficult cyto- or histopathological assessment. During endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, optimal brush sampling includes obtaining more than one brush within an individual patient to increase its diagnostic value. Currently, no significant increase of the diagnostic accuracy for the new cytology brush devices aiming to enhance the cellularity of brushings standard biliary brush devices has been demonstrated. Peroral cholangioscopy with bile duct biopsies appears to be a valuable tool in the diagnostic work-up of indeterminate biliary strictures, and may overcome current technical difficulties of fluoroscopic-guided biopsies. Over the past years, molecular techniques to detect chromosomal instability, mutations and methylation profiling of tumors have revolutionized, and implementation of these techniques on biliary tissue during diagnostic work-up of biliary strictures may be awaited in the near future. Fluorescence hybridization has already been implemented in routine diagnostic evaluation of biliary strictures in several centers. Next-generation sequencing is promising for standard diagnostic care in biliary strictures, and recent studies have shown adequate detection of prevalent genomic alterations in , , , , , and on biliary brush material. Detection of DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes and microRNAs may evolve over the coming years to a valuable diagnostic tool for cholangiocarcinoma. This review summarizes optimal strategies for biliary tissue sampling during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and focuses on the evolving molecular techniques on biliary tissue to improve the differentiation of benign and malignant biliary strictures.
Patients with cholangiocarcinoma have poor survival since the majority of patients are diagnosed at a stage precluding surgical resection, due to locally irresectable tumors and/or metastases. Optimization of diagnostic strategies, with a principal role for tissue diagnosis, is essential to detect cancers at an earlier stage amenable to curative treatment. Current barriers for a tissue diagnosis include both insufficient tissue sampling and a difficult cyto- or histopathological assessment. During endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, optimal brush sampling includes obtaining more than one brush within an individual patient to increase its diagnostic value. Currently, no significant increase of the diagnostic accuracy for the new cytology brush devices aiming to enhance the cellularity of brushings versus standard biliary brush devices has been demonstrated. Peroral cholangioscopy with bile duct biopsies appears to be a valuable tool in the diagnostic work-up of indeterminate biliary strictures, and may overcome current technical difficulties of fluoroscopic-guided biopsies. Over the past years, molecular techniques to detect chromosomal instability, mutations and methylation profiling of tumors have revolutionized, and implementation of these techniques on biliary tissue during diagnostic work-up of biliary strictures may be awaited in the near future. Fluorescence in situ hybridization has already been implemented in routine diagnostic evaluation of biliary strictures in several centers. Next-generation sequencing is promising for standard diagnostic care in biliary strictures, and recent studies have shown adequate detection of prevalent genomic alterations in KRAS , TP53 , CDKN2A , SMAD4 , PIK3CA , and GNAS on biliary brush material. Detection of DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes and microRNAs may evolve over the coming years to a valuable diagnostic tool for cholangiocarcinoma. This review summarizes optimal strategies for biliary tissue sampling during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and focuses on the evolving molecular techniques on biliary tissue to improve the differentiation of benign and malignant biliary strictures.
Author de Vries, Annemarie C.
de Jonge, Pieter Jan F.
Peppelenbosch, Maikel P.
Bruno, Marco J.
Kamp, Eline J. C. A.
Dinjens, Winand N. M.
Doukas, Michail
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  fullname: de Vries, Annemarie C.
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33948111$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c532t-31bf3c9df51196b9af806e9d5f5e4a820ee3b0320facbf3b2810d368ddbd1ed13
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ISSN 1756-2848
1756-283X
IngestDate Tue Oct 22 15:11:35 EDT 2024
Tue Sep 17 20:43:16 EDT 2024
Fri Aug 16 23:16:20 EDT 2024
Thu Oct 10 17:01:42 EDT 2024
Fri Nov 22 01:39:48 EST 2024
Sat Sep 28 08:23:16 EDT 2024
Tue Jul 16 20:50:17 EDT 2024
IsDoiOpenAccess true
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Keywords chromosomal imbalance
mutation
immunohistochemistry
next-generation sequencing
epigenetics
Language English
License This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
The Author(s), 2021.
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content type line 23
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OpenAccessLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8053835/
PMID 33948111
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PublicationDate 2021-00-00
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PublicationTitle Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology
PublicationTitleAlternate Therap Adv Gastroenterol
PublicationYear 2021
Publisher SAGE Publications
Sage Publications Ltd
SAGE Publishing
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Snippet Patients with cholangiocarcinoma have poor survival since the majority of patients are diagnosed at a stage precluding surgical resection, due to locally...
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SubjectTerms Biopsy
Cholangiocarcinoma
DNA methylation
Endoscopy
Gastroenterology
Review
Tumors
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