Hexanucleotide Repeat Expansions in c9FTD/ALS and SCA36 Confer Selective Patterns of Neurodegeneration In Vivo

A G4C2 hexanucleotide repeat expansion in an intron of C9orf72 is the most common cause of frontal temporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (c9FTD/ALS). A remarkably similar intronic TG3C2 repeat expansion is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia 36 (SCA36). Both expansions are widely ex...

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Published in:Cell reports (Cambridge) Vol. 31; no. 5; p. 107616
Main Authors: Todd, Tiffany W., McEachin, Zachary T., Chew, Jeannie, Burch, Alexander R., Jansen-West, Karen, Tong, Jimei, Yue, Mei, Song, Yuping, Castanedes-Casey, Monica, Kurti, Aishe, Dunmore, Judith H., Fryer, John D., Zhang, Yong-Jie, San Millan, Beatriz, Teijeira Bautista, Susana, Arias, Manuel, Dickson, Dennis, Gendron, Tania F., Sobrido, María-Jesús, Disney, Matthew D., Bassell, Gary J., Rossoll, Wilfried, Petrucelli, Leonard
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Elsevier Inc 05-05-2020
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Abstract A G4C2 hexanucleotide repeat expansion in an intron of C9orf72 is the most common cause of frontal temporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (c9FTD/ALS). A remarkably similar intronic TG3C2 repeat expansion is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia 36 (SCA36). Both expansions are widely expressed, form RNA foci, and can undergo repeat-associated non-ATG (RAN) translation to form similar dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs). Yet, these diseases result in the degeneration of distinct subsets of neurons. We show that the expression of these repeat expansions in mice is sufficient to recapitulate the unique features of each disease, including this selective neuronal vulnerability. Furthermore, only the G4C2 repeat induces the formation of aberrant stress granules and pTDP-43 inclusions. Overall, our results demonstrate that the pathomechanisms responsible for each disease are intrinsic to the individual repeat sequence, highlighting the importance of sequence-specific RNA-mediated toxicity in each disorder. [Display omitted] •NOP56-(TG3C2)62 and C9orf72-(G4C2)66 repeats confer distinct phenotypes in mice•NOP56-(TG3C2)62 induces cerebellar degeneration akin to SCA36•RNA foci and RAN translation in the SCA36 mice resemble human pathologies•TDP-43 proteinopathy and aberrant stress granules are unique to C9orf72-G4C2 c9FTD/ALS and SCA36 are distinct diseases associated with similar hexanucleotide repeat expansions: G4C2 versus TG3C2. Todd et al. show that expressing these repeats in mice is sufficient to recapitulate each disease. The pathology and selective neurodegeneration characteristic of each disorder are therefore due to pathomechanisms intrinsic to each repeat sequence.
AbstractList A G 4 C 2 hexanucleotide repeat expansion in an intron of C9orf72 is the most common cause of frontal temporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (c9FTD/ALS). A remarkably similar intronic TG 3 C 2 repeat expansion is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia 36 (SCA36). Both expansions are widely expressed, form RNA foci, and can undergo repeat-associated non-ATG (RAN) translation to form similar dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs). Yet, these diseases result in the degeneration of distinct subsets of neurons. We show that the expression of these repeat expansions in mice is sufficient to recapitulate the unique features of each disease, including this selective neuronal vulnerability. Furthermore, only the G 4 C 2 repeat induces the formation of aberrant stress granules and pTDP-43 inclusions. Overall, our results demonstrate that the pathomechanisms responsible for each disease are intrinsic to the individual repeat sequence, highlighting the importance of sequence-specific RNA-mediated toxicity in each disorder. c9FTD/ALS and SCA36 are distinct diseases associated with similar hexanucleotide repeat expansions: G 4 C 2 versus TG 3 C 2 . Todd et al. show that expressing these repeats in mice is sufficient to recapitulate each disease. The pathology and selective neurodegeneration characteristic of each disorder are therefore due to pathomechanisms intrinsic to each repeat sequence.
A G C hexanucleotide repeat expansion in an intron of C9orf72 is the most common cause of frontal temporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (c9FTD/ALS). A remarkably similar intronic TG C repeat expansion is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia 36 (SCA36). Both expansions are widely expressed, form RNA foci, and can undergo repeat-associated non-ATG (RAN) translation to form similar dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs). Yet, these diseases result in the degeneration of distinct subsets of neurons. We show that the expression of these repeat expansions in mice is sufficient to recapitulate the unique features of each disease, including this selective neuronal vulnerability. Furthermore, only the G C repeat induces the formation of aberrant stress granules and pTDP-43 inclusions. Overall, our results demonstrate that the pathomechanisms responsible for each disease are intrinsic to the individual repeat sequence, highlighting the importance of sequence-specific RNA-mediated toxicity in each disorder.
A G4C2 hexanucleotide repeat expansion in an intron of C9orf72 is the most common cause of frontal temporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (c9FTD/ALS). A remarkably similar intronic TG3C2 repeat expansion is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia 36 (SCA36). Both expansions are widely expressed, form RNA foci, and can undergo repeat-associated non-ATG (RAN) translation to form similar dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs). Yet, these diseases result in the degeneration of distinct subsets of neurons. We show that the expression of these repeat expansions in mice is sufficient to recapitulate the unique features of each disease, including this selective neuronal vulnerability. Furthermore, only the G4C2 repeat induces the formation of aberrant stress granules and pTDP-43 inclusions. Overall, our results demonstrate that the pathomechanisms responsible for each disease are intrinsic to the individual repeat sequence, highlighting the importance of sequence-specific RNA-mediated toxicity in each disorder. [Display omitted] •NOP56-(TG3C2)62 and C9orf72-(G4C2)66 repeats confer distinct phenotypes in mice•NOP56-(TG3C2)62 induces cerebellar degeneration akin to SCA36•RNA foci and RAN translation in the SCA36 mice resemble human pathologies•TDP-43 proteinopathy and aberrant stress granules are unique to C9orf72-G4C2 c9FTD/ALS and SCA36 are distinct diseases associated with similar hexanucleotide repeat expansions: G4C2 versus TG3C2. Todd et al. show that expressing these repeats in mice is sufficient to recapitulate each disease. The pathology and selective neurodegeneration characteristic of each disorder are therefore due to pathomechanisms intrinsic to each repeat sequence.
A G4C2 hexanucleotide repeat expansion in an intron of C9orf72 is the most common cause of frontal temporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (c9FTD/ALS). A remarkably similar intronic TG3C2 repeat expansion is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia 36 (SCA36). Both expansions are widely expressed, form RNA foci, and can undergo repeat-associated non-ATG (RAN) translation to form similar dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs). Yet, these diseases result in the degeneration of distinct subsets of neurons. We show that the expression of these repeat expansions in mice is sufficient to recapitulate the unique features of each disease, including this selective neuronal vulnerability. Furthermore, only the G4C2 repeat induces the formation of aberrant stress granules and pTDP-43 inclusions. Overall, our results demonstrate that the pathomechanisms responsible for each disease are intrinsic to the individual repeat sequence, highlighting the importance of sequence-specific RNA-mediated toxicity in each disorder.
ArticleNumber 107616
Author Sobrido, María-Jesús
McEachin, Zachary T.
Yue, Mei
Kurti, Aishe
Disney, Matthew D.
Arias, Manuel
Dickson, Dennis
Gendron, Tania F.
Song, Yuping
Dunmore, Judith H.
Teijeira Bautista, Susana
Petrucelli, Leonard
Zhang, Yong-Jie
Todd, Tiffany W.
Jansen-West, Karen
Bassell, Gary J.
Chew, Jeannie
Burch, Alexander R.
Castanedes-Casey, Monica
San Millan, Beatriz
Tong, Jimei
Fryer, John D.
Rossoll, Wilfried
AuthorAffiliation 11 These authors contributed equally
4 Wallace H. Coulter Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
10 Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
3 Laboratory for Translational Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
2 Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
8 Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
9 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
12 Lead Contact
1 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
7 Neurogenetics Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
5 Rare Diseases and Pediatric Medicine Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
6
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Issue 5
Keywords mouse
RAN translation
poly(PR)
SCA36
TDP-43
FTD
ALS
poly(GP)
RNA foci
C9orf72
Language English
License This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
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AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
T.W.T. carried out experiments and characterized the TG3C2 mice. T.W.T., W.R., and L.P. designed experiments. Z.T.M., M.-J.S., G.J.B., and W.R. coordinated human sample collection. Z.T.M., M.C.-C., and D.D. performed IHC on patient tissues. J.C. characterized the G4C2 mice. K.J.-W. made constructs. J.T. aided in mouse husbandry and harvests. M.Y. and J.H.D. performed intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections. A.K., T.W.T., and J.D.F. performed behavioral analyses. T.W.T. performed cell culture, IF, and FISH. T.F.G. performed MSD immunoassays. Y.-J.Z., T.W.T., M.C.-C., A.R.B., and D.D. performed IHC on mouse tissue. M.-J.S., M.A., B.S.M., and S.T.B. provided patient samples and genetic and clinical data. A.R.B. and Y.S. provided technical support. T.W.T. wrote the manuscript. T.W.T., L.P., W.R., and M.D.D. revised and edited the manuscript.
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Snippet A G4C2 hexanucleotide repeat expansion in an intron of C9orf72 is the most common cause of frontal temporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis...
A G C hexanucleotide repeat expansion in an intron of C9orf72 is the most common cause of frontal temporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis...
A G 4 C 2 hexanucleotide repeat expansion in an intron of C9orf72 is the most common cause of frontal temporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis...
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SubjectTerms ALS
C9orf72
FTD
mouse
poly(GP)
poly(PR)
RAN translation
RNA foci
SCA36
TDP-43
Title Hexanucleotide Repeat Expansions in c9FTD/ALS and SCA36 Confer Selective Patterns of Neurodegeneration In Vivo
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107616
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32375043
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2399838195
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