Hospital Prenotification of Stroke Patients by Emergency Medical Services Improves Stroke Time Targets

• Published in: Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases Vol. 22; no. 2; pp. 113 - 118
• Main Authors: McKinney, James S., MD, Mylavarapu, Krishna, MBBS, Lane, Judith, BSN, Roberts, Virginia, BSN, Ohman-Strickland, Pamela, PhD, Merlin, Mark A., DO, EMT-P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-02-2013
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cardiovascular; Communication; Databases, Factual; Emergency medical services; Emergency Medical Services - standards; Emergency Medical Services - statistics & numerical data; Emergency Service, Hospital - standards; Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data; Female; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Neurology; prehospital; prenotification; Retrospective Studies; stroke; Stroke - drug therapy; thrombolysis; Thrombolytic Therapy - standards; Time-to-Treatment - standards; Time-to-Treatment - statistics & numerical data; prenotification; thrombolysis; prehospital; stroke; Emergency medical services
• ISSN: 1052-3057; 1532-8511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2011.06.018

Background Prenotification to hospitals by emergency medical services of patients with suspected stroke is recommended to reduce delays in time-dependent therapies. We hypothesized that hospital prenotification would reduce recommended stroke time targets. Methods We used the Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital (RWJUH) Brain Attack Database, which includes demographic and clinical data on all emergency department (ED) patients alerted as a Brain Attack between January 1, 2009 and June 30, 2010. Outcome variables included the time from door to stroke team arrival, computed tomographic (CT) scan completion, CT scan interpretation, electrocardiogram, laboratory results, treatment decision, and intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administration. The primary independent variable was brain attack activation before arrival to the emergency department (ED; prenotification) versus on or after ED arrival (no prenotification). Analysis of covariance was used with patient predictors as covariates in addition to the one of interest (prenotification vs no prenotification). P ≤ .05 was considered statistically significant. Results There were 229 patients (114 prenotification and 115 no prenotification) alerted as having a brain attack within the study period. Patients with prehospital notification were older (69.5 years vs 61.5 years; P = .0002), had more severe strokes (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 11.1 vs 6.9; P < .0001), and received IV tPA twice as often (27% vs 15%; P = .024). Prenotification resulted in a significant reduction in all stroke time targets except door to treatment decision and tPA administration. Conclusions Prehospital notification of suspected stroke patients reduces time to stroke team arrival, CT scan completion, and CT scan interpretation. IV thrombolysis occurred twice as often in the prenotification group.