Expression of periodontal interleukin-6 protein is increased across patients with neither periodontal disease nor diabetes, patients with periodontal disease alone and patients with both diseases

• Published in: Journal of periodontal research Vol. 45; no. 5; pp. 688 - 694
• Main Authors: Ross, J. H., Hardy, D. C., Schuyler, C. A., Slate, E. H., Mize, T. W., Huang, Y.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-10-2010; Blackwell
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Biological and medical sciences; Case-Control Studies; Dentistry; Diabetes Complications - metabolism; diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance; Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology; Female; Gene Expression; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Immunoenzyme Techniques; interleukin-6 (IL-6); Interleukin-6 - analysis; Interleukin-6 - biosynthesis; Interleukin-6 - genetics; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Non tumoral diseases; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; periodontal diseases; Periodontal Diseases - complications; Periodontal Diseases - metabolism; Periodontium - metabolism; Statistics, Nonparametric; Endocrinopathy; Human; Interleukin 6; Periodontal disease; Stomatology; Diabetes mellitus; periodontal diseases; Gene expression; Protein; interleukin-6 (IL-6)
• ISSN: 0022-3484; 1600-0765
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01286.x

Ross JH, Hardy DC, Schuyler CA, Slate EH, Mize TW, Huang Y. Expression of periodontal interleukin‐6 protein is increased across patients with neither periodontal disease nor diabetes, patients with periodontal disease alone and patients with both diseases. J Periodont Res 2010; 45: 688–694. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S
Background and Objective:  Epidemiological studies have established that patients with diabetes have an increased prevalence and severity of periodontal disease. Interleukin (IL)‐6, a multifunctional cytokine, plays a role in the tissue inflammation that characterizes periodontal disease. Our recent study has shown a trend of increase in periodontal IL‐6 expression at the mRNA level across patients with neither periodontal disease nor diabetes, patients with periodontal disease alone and patients with both diseases. However, the periodontal IL‐6 expression at the protein level in these patients has not been investigated.
Material and Methods:  Periodontal tissue specimens were collected from eight patients without periodontal disease and diabetes (group 1), from 17 patients with periodontal disease alone (group 2) and from 10 patients with both periodontal disease and diabetes (group 3). The frozen sections were prepared from these tissue specimens and IL‐6 protein expression was detected and quantified.
Results:  The nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test showed that the difference in IL‐6 protein levels among the three groups was statistically significant (p = 0.035). Nonparametric analysis using the Jonckheere–Terpstra test showed a tendency of increase in periodontal IL‐6 protein levels across group 1 to group 2 to group 3 (p = 0.006). Parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA) on IL‐6 protein levels showed that neither age nor gender significantly affected the difference of IL‐6 levels among the groups.
Conclusion:  Periodontal IL‐6 expression at the protein level is increased across patients with neither periodontal disease nor diabetes, patients with periodontal disease alone and patients with both diseases.