Diaphragmatic neuromechanical coupling and mechanisms of hypercapnia during inspiratory loading

Highlights • Progressive inspiratory mechanical loading causes hypercapnia. • Hypercapnia results mostly from inhibition of central activation to the diaphragm. • Hypercapnia is accompanied by enhanced diaphragmatic neuromechanical coupling. • Cortical, and not bulbopontine, areas primarily defend a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Respiratory physiology & neurobiology Vol. 198; pp. 32 - 41
Main Authors:	Laghi, Franco, Shaikh, Hameeda S, Morales, Daniel, Sinderby, Christer, Jubran, Amal, Tobin, Martin J
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-07-2014
Subjects:	Abdominal Wall - physiopathology Adult Air Brain - physiopathology Breathing pattern Carbon Dioxide - metabolism Diaphragm - physiopathology Dyspnea Dyspnea - physiopathology Electromyography Exhalation - physiology Female Humans Hypercapnia Hypercapnia - physiopathology Inhalation - physiology Lung Volume Measurements Male Medical Education Models, Neurological Muscle fatigue Muscle Fatigue - physiology Phrenic nerve Physical Stimulation - adverse effects Pressure Pulmonary/Respiratory Respiratory muscles Respiratory Muscles - physiopathology Hypercapnia Respiratory muscles Dyspnea Muscle fatigue Phrenic nerve Breathing pattern
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Summary:	Highlights • Progressive inspiratory mechanical loading causes hypercapnia. • Hypercapnia results mostly from inhibition of central activation to the diaphragm. • Hypercapnia is accompanied by enhanced diaphragmatic neuromechanical coupling. • Cortical, and not bulbopontine, areas primarily defend against inspiratory loads.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1569-9048 1878-1519
DOI:	10.1016/j.resp.2014.03.004