Effect of Chemical Chaperones on the Stability of Proteins during Heat- or Freeze-Thaw Stress

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 24; no. 12; p. 10298
• Main Authors: Borzova, Vera A, Eronina, Tatiana B, Mikhaylova, Valeriya V, Roman, Svetlana G, Chernikov, Andrey M, Chebotareva, Natalia A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 18-06-2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Animals; Betaine; Betaine - pharmacology; Biotechnology; Calorimetry; Cattle; Chaperones; chemical chaperones; Circular dichroism; Cold; Cyclodextrins; Dichroism; Differential scanning calorimetry; Freeze-thawing; Freezing; Glutamate dehydrogenase; Glycogen; Glycogen phosphorylase; glycogen phosphorylase b; Glycogens; Heat; Heating; Hot Temperature; Hydration; Light scattering; Molecular Chaperones; osmolytes; Phosphorylase; Photon correlation spectroscopy; protein aggregation; protein stability; Protein structure; Proteins; Sorbitol; Spectroscopy; Structural stability; Structure-function relationships; Surfactants; Synthesis; Tertiary structure; Thermal stability; Thermal stress; Trehalose; Trehalose - pharmacology; Ultracentrifugation; β-Cyclodextrin; chemical chaperones; freeze–thaw stress; osmolytes; 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; glutamate dehydrogenase; glycogen phosphorylase b; protein aggregation; protein stability
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210298

The importance of studying the structural stability of proteins is determined by the structure-function relationship. Protein stability is influenced by many factors among which are freeze-thaw and thermal stresses. The effect of trehalose, betaine, sorbitol and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) on the stability and aggregation of bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) upon heating at 50 °C or freeze-thawing was studied by dynamic light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, analytical ultracentrifugation and circular dichroism spectroscopy. A freeze-thaw cycle resulted in the complete loss of the secondary and tertiary structure, and aggregation of GDH. All the cosolutes suppressed freeze-thaw- and heat-induced aggregation of GDH and increased the protein thermal stability. The effective concentrations of the cosolutes during freeze-thawing were lower than during heating. Sorbitol exhibited the highest anti-aggregation activity under freeze-thaw stress, whereas the most effective agents stabilizing the tertiary structure of GDH were HPCD and betaine. HPCD and trehalose were the most effective agents suppressing GDH thermal aggregation. All the chemical chaperones stabilized various soluble oligomeric forms of GDH against both types of stress. The data on GDH were compared with the effects of the same cosolutes on glycogen phosphorylase
during thermal and freeze-thaw-induced aggregation. This research can find further application in biotechnology and pharmaceutics.