A review of soluble microbial products (SMP) in wastewater treatment systems
A review concerning the characterisation, production, modelling, significance and implications of soluble microbial products (SMP) in wastewater treatment is presented. The precise definition of SMP is open to debate, but is currently regarded as “the pool of organic compounds that are released into...
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| Published in: | Water Research Vol. 33; no. 14; pp. 3063 - 3082 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Book Review Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
1999
Elsevier Science |
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| Abstract | A review concerning the characterisation, production, modelling, significance and implications of soluble microbial products (SMP) in wastewater treatment is presented. The precise definition of SMP is open to debate, but is currently regarded as “the pool of organic compounds that are released into solution from substrate metabolism (usually with biomass growth) and biomass decay”, although for anaerobic systems volatile fatty acids are not included as SMP. Some of the SMP have been identified as humic and fulvic acids, polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, organic acids, amino acids, antibiotics, steroids, exocellular enzymes, siderophores, structural components of cells and products of energy metabolism. Crucially, SMP have been found to comprise the majority of soluble organic material in the effluents from biological treatment processes and their presence is, therefore, of particular interest in terms of achieving discharge consent levels for BOD and COD. SMP also exhibit several characteristics, such as toxicity and metal chelating properties, which effect the performance of the treatment system, and their presence has also been shown to adversely affect the kinetic activity and the flocculating and settling properties of sludge. This review outlines some important discoveries with regard to the MW distribution, biodegradability and treatability of SMP and also the effect of process parameters on their production. It also summarises the attempts at incorporating SMP formation into the modelling of wastewater treatment. However, it concludes that the knowledge regarding SMP is far from complete and that much work is still required to fully understand their contribution to the treatment process; some of these future research areas are then outlined. |
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| AbstractList | A review concerning the characterization, production, modelling, significance and implications of soluble microbial products (SMP) in wastewater treatment is presented. The precise definition of SMP is open to debate, but is currently regarded as `the pool of organic compounds that are released into solution from substrate metabolism (usually with biomass growth) and biomass decay', although for anaerobic systems volatile fatty acids are not included as SMP. Some of the SMP have been identified as humic and fulvic acids, polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, organic acids, amino acids, antibiotics, steroids, exocellular enzymes, siderophores, structural components of cells and products of energy metabolism. Crucially, SMP have been found to comprise the majority of soluble organic material in the effluents from biological treatment processes and their presence is, therefore, of particular interest in terms of achieving discharge consent levels for BOD and COD. SMP also exhibit several characteristics, such as toxicity and metal chelating properties, which effect the performance of the treatment system, and their presence has also been shown to adversely affect the kinetic activity and the flocculating and settling properties of sludge. This review outlines some important discoveries with regard to the MW distribution, biodegradability and treatability of SMP and also the effect of process parameters on their production. It also summarizes the attempts at incorporating SMP formation into the modelling of wastewater treatment. However, it concludes that the knowledge regarding SMP is far from complete and that much work is still required to fully understand their contribution to the treatment process; some of these future research areas are then outlined. A review concerning the characterisation, production, modelling, significance and implications of soluble microbial products (SMP) in wastewater treatment is presented. The precise definition of SMP is open to debate, but is currently regarded as “the pool of organic compounds that are released into solution from substrate metabolism (usually with biomass growth) and biomass decay”, although for anaerobic systems volatile fatty acids are not included as SMP. Some of the SMP have been identified as humic and fulvic acids, polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, organic acids, amino acids, antibiotics, steroids, exocellular enzymes, siderophores, structural components of cells and products of energy metabolism. Crucially, SMP have been found to comprise the majority of soluble organic material in the effluents from biological treatment processes and their presence is, therefore, of particular interest in terms of achieving discharge consent levels for BOD and COD. SMP also exhibit several characteristics, such as toxicity and metal chelating properties, which effect the performance of the treatment system, and their presence has also been shown to adversely affect the kinetic activity and the flocculating and settling properties of sludge. This review outlines some important discoveries with regard to the MW distribution, biodegradability and treatability of SMP and also the effect of process parameters on their production. It also summarises the attempts at incorporating SMP formation into the modelling of wastewater treatment. However, it concludes that the knowledge regarding SMP is far from complete and that much work is still required to fully understand their contribution to the treatment process; some of these future research areas are then outlined. The literature on SMP, defined as organic compounds released into solution from substrate metabolism and biomass decay, is reviewed. The definition excluded volatile fatty acids produced in anaerobic systems. The origins of SMP and their identification are discussed. The characterization of SMP by molecular weight, chelating properties, biodegradability, toxicity and effect on processes is considered. Molecular weight distributions in wastewater effluents are tabulated. The influence is evaluated of hydraulic retention time, organic loading rate, sludge retention time, substrate type, biomass concentration, temperature and reactor type on SMP. Modelling of SMP and their treatment are explored. Future research is suggested. Most work had been carried out on aerobic systems. SMP accounted for most of the soluble organic material in wastewater effluents from biological treatment. They could adversely affect the kinetic and settling properties of sludge. Among SMP identified were humic and fulvic acids, polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, amino acids, antibiotics, steroids, extracellular enzymes and siderophores. There are 126 references. |
| Author | Barker, Duncan J. Stuckey, David C. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Duncan J. surname: Barker fullname: Barker, Duncan J. – sequence: 2 givenname: David C. surname: Stuckey fullname: Stuckey, David C. email: d.stuckey@ic.ac.uk |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1926302$$DView record in Pascal Francis |
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| CODEN | WATRAG |
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| Issue | 14 |
| Keywords | toxicity PACT, powdered activated carbon treatment HRT, hydraulic retention time UF, ultrafiltration BMP, biochemical methane potential SON, soluble organic nitrogen TOC, total organic carbon OLR, organic loading rate soluble microbial products (SMP) SRP, soluble residual products PAC, powdered activated carbon COD, chemical oxygen demand CSTR, continuously stirred tank reactor chelating ABR, anaerobic baffled reactor UAP, utilisation associated products biodegradability MW, molecular weight MLVSS, mixed liquor volatile suspended solids SMP, soluble microbial products VSS, volatile suspended solids BAP, biomass associated products ECP, extracellular polymers process performance molecular weight distribution GPC, gel permeation chromatography GAC, granular activated carbon SOC, soluble organic carbon UASB, upflow anaerobic sludge blanket AMW, apparent molecular weight effluent characterisation MLSS, mixed liquor suspended solids SRT, sludge retention time BOD, biochemical oxygen demand SBR, sequencing batch reactor THM, trihalomethane Molecular weight distribution Biodegradability Reaction product Soluble compound Review Biomass Waste water purification Organic compounds Biological purification |
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| SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Biochemical oxygen demand biodegradability Biodegradation Biological and medical sciences Biological treatment of waters Biological water treatment Biomass Biotechnology characterisation chelating effluent Effluent treatment Environment and pollution Exact sciences and technology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General purification processes Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects Metabolism Molecular weight distribution Pollution process performance Reaction kinetics Sewage sludge soluble microbial products (SMP) Toxicity Wastewaters Water treatment and pollution |
| Title | A review of soluble microbial products (SMP) in wastewater treatment systems |
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