Laboratory spiking process of soil with various uranium and other heavy metals
[Display omitted] Laboratory studies using metal spiked soils are challenging due to soil heterogeneity. This work provides an easy, quick, precise, and accurate technique for the preparation of spiked soils for laboratory research. The process described spiking soil with various uranium species and...
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| Published in: | MethodsX Vol. 6; pp. 734 - 739 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier B.V
01-01-2019
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| Abstract | [Display omitted]
Laboratory studies using metal spiked soils are challenging due to soil heterogeneity. This work provides an easy, quick, precise, and accurate technique for the preparation of spiked soils for laboratory research. The process described spiking soil with various uranium species and other heavy metals for laboratory scale pilot experiments under various biogeochemical conditions. The procedure involves grinding both dry soil and metal chemicals into the fine powder. The spiked soil mixture was further homogenized through a modified splitting and combining of the sample by diagonal flipping using plastic sheeting. Comparison of measured concentrations with theoretical values were obtained with <20% precision and accuracy. However, tradition spiking method with metal solution often yielded high heterogeneous spiked soils due to strong metal adsorption in soils. Re-drying and re-grinding of soils were required following the spiking in order to homogenize treated soils, generating inhalable particulates. Thus appropriate personal protective equipment and practices are required for the safety concern. The present method with metal salt powder proved a safe, useful, quick, accurate and precise, and homogenized soil spiking method.
•ability to prepare spiked soil with multiple elements•prepared soil at any level of loading•the spiked soil was homogenous for controlled studies |
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| AbstractList | [Display omitted]
Laboratory studies using metal spiked soils are challenging due to soil heterogeneity. This work provides an easy, quick, precise, and accurate technique for the preparation of spiked soils for laboratory research. The process described spiking soil with various uranium species and other heavy metals for laboratory scale pilot experiments under various biogeochemical conditions. The procedure involves grinding both dry soil and metal chemicals into the fine powder. The spiked soil mixture was further homogenized through a modified splitting and combining of the sample by diagonal flipping using plastic sheeting. Comparison of measured concentrations with theoretical values were obtained with <20% precision and accuracy. However, tradition spiking method with metal solution often yielded high heterogeneous spiked soils due to strong metal adsorption in soils. Re-drying and re-grinding of soils were required following the spiking in order to homogenize treated soils, generating inhalable particulates. Thus appropriate personal protective equipment and practices are required for the safety concern. The present method with metal salt powder proved a safe, useful, quick, accurate and precise, and homogenized soil spiking method.
•ability to prepare spiked soil with multiple elements•prepared soil at any level of loading•the spiked soil was homogenous for controlled studies Laboratory studies using metal spiked soils are challenging due to soil heterogeneity. This work provides an easy, quick, precise, and accurate technique for the preparation of spiked soils for laboratory research. The process described spiking soil with various uranium species and other heavy metals for laboratory scale pilot experiments under various biogeochemical conditions. The procedure involves grinding both dry soil and metal chemicals into the fine powder. The spiked soil mixture was further homogenized through a modified splitting and combining of the sample by diagonal flipping using plastic sheeting. Comparison of measured concentrations with theoretical values were obtained with <20% precision and accuracy. However, tradition spiking method with metal solution often yielded high heterogeneous spiked soils due to strong metal adsorption in soils. Re-drying and re-grinding of soils were required following the spiking in order to homogenize treated soils, generating inhalable particulates. Thus appropriate personal protective equipment and practices are required for the safety concern. The present method with metal salt powder proved a safe, useful, quick, accurate and precise, and homogenized soil spiking method. •ability to prepare spiked soil with multiple elements•prepared soil at any level of loading•the spiked soil was homogenous for controlled studies. Laboratory studies using metal spiked soils are challenging due to soil heterogeneity. This work provides an easy, quick, precise, and accurate technique for the preparation of spiked soils for laboratory research. The process described spiking soil with various uranium species and other heavy metals for laboratory scale pilot experiments under various biogeochemical conditions. The procedure involves grinding both dry soil and metal chemicals into the fine powder. The spiked soil mixture was further homogenized through a modified splitting and combining of the sample by diagonal flipping using plastic sheeting. Comparison of measured concentrations with theoretical values were obtained with <20% precision and accuracy. However, tradition spiking method with metal solution often yielded high heterogeneous spiked soils due to strong metal adsorption in soils. Re-drying and re-grinding of soils were required following the spiking in order to homogenize treated soils, generating inhalable particulates. Thus appropriate personal protective equipment and practices are required for the safety concern. The present method with metal salt powder proved a safe, useful, quick, accurate and precise, and homogenized soil spiking method. • ability to prepare spiked soil with multiple elements • prepared soil at any level of loading • the spiked soil was homogenous for controlled studies Method name: Spiking soil with metal salt powder, Keywords: Spiking soil, Total uranium, Contamination, Heavy metals Laboratory studies using metal spiked soils are challenging due to soil heterogeneity. This work provides an easy, quick, precise, and accurate technique for the preparation of spiked soils for laboratory research. The process described spiking soil with various uranium species and other heavy metals for laboratory scale pilot experiments under various biogeochemical conditions. The procedure involves grinding both dry soil and metal chemicals into the fine powder. The spiked soil mixture was further homogenized through a modified splitting and combining of the sample by diagonal flipping using plastic sheeting. Comparison of measured concentrations with theoretical values were obtained with <20% precision and accuracy. However, tradition spiking method with metal solution often yielded high heterogeneous spiked soils due to strong metal adsorption in soils. Re-drying and re-grinding of soils were required following the spiking in order to homogenize treated soils, generating inhalable particulates. Thus appropriate personal protective equipment and practices are required for the safety concern. The present method with metal salt powder proved a safe, useful, quick, accurate and precise, and homogenized soil spiking method. • ability to prepare spiked soil with multiple elements • prepared soil at any level of loading • the spiked soil was homogenous for controlled studies |
| Author | Arslan, Zikri Zhang, Qinku Li, Jiangxia Larson, Steven L. Wu, Linchun Han, Fengxiang X. Ballard, John H. Chen, Liangmei Ma, Youhua |
| AuthorAffiliation | b College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 J. R. Lynch Street, P.O. Box 17910, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA c U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd., Vicksburg, MS, 39180-6199, USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: c U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd., Vicksburg, MS, 39180-6199, USA – name: b College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China – name: a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 J. R. Lynch Street, P.O. Box 17910, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Liangmei surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Liangmei organization: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 J. R. Lynch Street, P.O. Box 17910, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Steven L. surname: Larson fullname: Larson, Steven L. organization: U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd., Vicksburg, MS, 39180-6199, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: John H. surname: Ballard fullname: Ballard, John H. organization: U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd., Vicksburg, MS, 39180-6199, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Youhua surname: Ma fullname: Ma, Youhua organization: College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Qinku surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Qinku organization: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 J. R. Lynch Street, P.O. Box 17910, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Jiangxia surname: Li fullname: Li, Jiangxia organization: College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China – sequence: 7 givenname: Linchun surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Linchun organization: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 J. R. Lynch Street, P.O. Box 17910, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Zikri surname: Arslan fullname: Arslan, Zikri organization: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 J. R. Lynch Street, P.O. Box 17910, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA – sequence: 9 givenname: Fengxiang X. orcidid: 0000-0001-5135-3031 surname: Han fullname: Han, Fengxiang X. email: Fengxiang.han@jsums.edu organization: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 J. R. Lynch Street, P.O. Box 17910, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1023/A:1005006801650 10.1007/BF02406176 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.01.027 10.1097/00010694-200101000-00005 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.03.003 10.1007/s11270-018-4023-7 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.136 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.067 |
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| Keywords | Total uranium Spiking soil Spiking soil with metal salt powder Contamination Heavy metals |
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| References | Han, Banin (bib0020) 1997; 95 Mumtaz, Streten, Parry, McGuinnessa, Lu, Gibba (bib0005) 2018; 189 Mao, Shao, Zhang, Han (bib0010) 2018; 284 Meng, Jin, Guo, Larson, Chen, Arslan, Yuan, Ma, Waggoner, Han (bib0015) 2018; 229 Han, Banin (bib0025) 1999; 114 Han, Banin, Triplett (bib0030) 2001; 166 Smolders, Oorts, Peeters, Lanno, Cheyns (bib0035) 2015; 536 Cheyns, Peeters, Delcourt, Smolders (bib0040) 2012; 164 Han (10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0030) 2001; 166 Mao (10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0010) 2018; 284 Han (10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0020) 1997; 95 Han (10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0025) 1999; 114 Cheyns (10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0040) 2012; 164 Smolders (10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0035) 2015; 536 Mumtaz (10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0005) 2018; 189 Meng (10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0015) 2018; 229 |
| References_xml | – volume: 536 start-page: 223 year: 2015 end-page: 231 ident: bib0035 article-title: Toxicity in lead salt spiked soils to plants, invertebrates and microbial processes: unraveling effects of acidification, salt stress and ageing reactions publication-title: Sci. Total Environ. contributor: fullname: Cheyns – volume: 95 start-page: 399 year: 1997 end-page: 423 ident: bib0020 article-title: Long-term transformations and redistribution of potentially toxic heavy metals in arid-zone soils incubated: I. Under saturated conditions publication-title: Water Air Soil Pollut. contributor: fullname: Banin – volume: 284 start-page: 38 year: 2018 end-page: 51 ident: bib0010 article-title: Mechanism and optimization of enhanced electro-kinetic remediation on 137Cs contaminated kaolin soils: a semi-pilot study based on experiment and modeling methodology publication-title: Electrochim. Acta contributor: fullname: Han – volume: 229 start-page: 269 year: 2018 end-page: 380 ident: bib0015 article-title: Influences of U sources and forms on its bioaccumulation in Indian mustard and sunflower publication-title: Water Air Soil Pollut. contributor: fullname: Han – volume: 114 start-page: 221 year: 1999 end-page: 250 ident: bib0025 article-title: Long-term transformation and redistribution of potentially toxic heavy metals in arid-zone soils: II. Incubation at the field capacity moisture content publication-title: Water Air Soil Pollut. contributor: fullname: Banin – volume: 189 start-page: 14 year: 2018 end-page: 23 ident: bib0005 article-title: Soil uranium concentration at ranger uranium mine land application areas drives changes in the bacterial community publication-title: J. Environ. Radioact. contributor: fullname: Gibba – volume: 166 start-page: 18 year: 2001 end-page: 28 ident: bib0030 article-title: Redistribution of heavy metals in arid-zone soils under a wetting-drying soil moisture regime publication-title: Soil Sci. contributor: fullname: Triplett – volume: 164 start-page: 242 year: 2012 end-page: 247 ident: bib0040 article-title: Lead phytotoxicity in soils and nutrient solutions is related to lead induced phosphorus deficiency publication-title: Environ. Pollut. contributor: fullname: Smolders – volume: 114 start-page: 221 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0025 article-title: Long-term transformation and redistribution of potentially toxic heavy metals in arid-zone soils: II. Incubation at the field capacity moisture content publication-title: Water Air Soil Pollut. doi: 10.1023/A:1005006801650 contributor: fullname: Han – volume: 95 start-page: 399 year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0020 article-title: Long-term transformations and redistribution of potentially toxic heavy metals in arid-zone soils incubated: I. Under saturated conditions publication-title: Water Air Soil Pollut. doi: 10.1007/BF02406176 contributor: fullname: Han – volume: 164 start-page: 242 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0040 article-title: Lead phytotoxicity in soils and nutrient solutions is related to lead induced phosphorus deficiency publication-title: Environ. Pollut. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.01.027 contributor: fullname: Cheyns – volume: 166 start-page: 18 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0030 article-title: Redistribution of heavy metals in arid-zone soils under a wetting-drying soil moisture regime publication-title: Soil Sci. doi: 10.1097/00010694-200101000-00005 contributor: fullname: Han – volume: 189 start-page: 14 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0005 article-title: Soil uranium concentration at ranger uranium mine land application areas drives changes in the bacterial community publication-title: J. Environ. Radioact. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.03.003 contributor: fullname: Mumtaz – volume: 229 start-page: 269 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0015 article-title: Influences of U sources and forms on its bioaccumulation in Indian mustard and sunflower publication-title: Water Air Soil Pollut. doi: 10.1007/s11270-018-4023-7 contributor: fullname: Meng – volume: 284 start-page: 38 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0010 article-title: Mechanism and optimization of enhanced electro-kinetic remediation on 137Cs contaminated kaolin soils: a semi-pilot study based on experiment and modeling methodology publication-title: Electrochim. Acta doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.136 contributor: fullname: Mao – volume: 536 start-page: 223 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.026_bib0035 article-title: Toxicity in lead salt spiked soils to plants, invertebrates and microbial processes: unraveling effects of acidification, salt stress and ageing reactions publication-title: Sci. Total Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.067 contributor: fullname: Smolders |
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Laboratory studies using metal spiked soils are challenging due to soil heterogeneity. This work provides an easy, quick, precise, and... Laboratory studies using metal spiked soils are challenging due to soil heterogeneity. This work provides an easy, quick, precise, and accurate technique for... |
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| SubjectTerms | Contamination Environmental Science Heavy metals Spiking soil Spiking soil with metal salt powder Total uranium |
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| Title | Laboratory spiking process of soil with various uranium and other heavy metals |
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