Symbiotic properties of rhizobia containing a flavonoid-independent hybrid nodD product

A hybrid nodD gene consisting of 75% of the nodD1 gene of Rhizobium meliloti at the 5' end and 27% of the nodD gene of Rhizobium trifolii at the 3' end activates the six tested inducible nod promoters of Rhizobium leguminosarum, R. trifolii, or R. meliloti to maximal levels, even in the ab...

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Published in:	Journal of Bacteriology Vol. 171; no. 7; pp. 4045 - 4053
Main Authors:	Spaink, H.P. (Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands), Okker, R.J.H, Wijffelman, C.A, Tak, T, Goosen-de Roo, L, Pees, E, Brussel, A.A.N. van, Lugtenberg, B.J.J
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Washington, DC American Society for Microbiology 01-07-1989
Subjects:	Bacterial Proteins - genetics Bacteriology Biological and medical sciences FIJACION DEL NITROGENO FIXATION DE L'AZOTE FLAVONOIDE FLAVONOIDES Flavonoids - physiology FORMATION DE NODOSITES Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology GENE Gene Expression Regulation GENES Genes, Bacterial Microbiology Nitrogen Fixation - genetics NODULACION PARASITISME PARASITISMO Pathogenicity, virulence, toxins, bacteriocins, pyrogens, host-bacteria relations, miscellaneous strains Phenotype Recombinant Fusion Proteins - physiology Recombinant Proteins - physiology RHIZOBIUM Rhizobium - genetics Rhizobium - physiology Rhizobium - ultrastructure SIMBIOSIS Species Specificity SYMBIOSE Symbiosis Symbiosis Nodulation Bacteria Activation Rhizobium Rhizobiaceae Flavonoid Comparative study Hybrid gene
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Abstract	A hybrid nodD gene consisting of 75% of the nodD1 gene of Rhizobium meliloti at the 5' end and 27% of the nodD gene of Rhizobium trifolii at the 3' end activates the six tested inducible nod promoters of Rhizobium leguminosarum, R. trifolii, or R. meliloti to maximal levels, even in the absence of flavonoids. In strains containing such a constitutive activating nodD gene, transcription of nod genes started at the same site as in flavonoid-induced strains containing a wild-type nodD gene. In contrast to heterologous wild-type nodD products, the constitutive activating nodD gene does not cause a limitation of the host range. Furthermore, R. leguminosarum, R. trifolii, and R. meliloti strains containing the constitutive activating nodD gene induce (pseudo) nodules on tropical leguminous plants. Comparison of the symbiotic properties of rhizobia containing the constitutive nodD hybrid gene with those of rhizobia containing various wild-type nodD genes indicates that the activation of the nodD product by flavonoids is of crucial importance during the process of infection thread formation and, surprisingly, also during nitrogen fixation
AbstractList	A hybrid nodD gene consisting of 75% of the nodD1 gene of Rhizobium meliloti at the 5' end and 27% of the nodD gene of Rhizobium trifolii at the 3' end activates the six tested inducible nod promoters of Rhizobium leguminosarum, R. trifolii, or R. meliloti to maximal levels, even in the absence of flavonoids. In strains containing such a constitutive activating nodD gene, transcription of nod genes started at the same site as in flavonoid-induced strains containing a wild-type nodD gene. In contrast to heterologous wild-type nodD products, the constitutive activating nodD gene does not cause a limitation of the host range. Furthermore, R. leguminosarum, R. trifolii, and R. meliloti strains containing the constitutive activating nodD gene induce (pseudo) nodules on tropical leguminous plants. Comparison of the symbiotic properties of rhizobia containing the constitutive nodD hybrid gene with those of rhizobia containing various wild-type nodD genes indicates that the activation of the nodD product by flavonoids is of crucial importance during the process of infection thread formation and, surprisingly, also during nitrogen fixation. Article Usage Stats Services JB Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue JB About JB Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy JB RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0021-9193 Online ISSN: 1098-5530 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to JB .asm.org, visit: JB A hybrid nodD gene consisting of 75% of the nodD1 gene of Rhizobium meliloti at the 5' end and 27% of the nodD gene of Rhizobium trifolii at the 3' end activates the six tested inducible nod promoters of Rhizobium leguminosarum, R. trifolii, or R. meliloti to maximal levels, even in the absence of flavonoids. In strains containing such a constitutive activating nodD gene, transcription of nod genes started at the same site as in flavonoid-induced strains containing a wild-type nodD gene. In contrast to heterologous wild-type nodD products, the constitutive activating nodD gene does not cause a limitation of the host range. Furthermore, R. leguminosarum, R. trifolii, and R. meliloti strains containing the constitutive activating nodD gene induce (pseudo) nodules on tropical leguminous plants. Comparison of the symbiotic properties of rhizobia containing the constitutive nodD hybrid gene with those of rhizobia containing various wild-type nodD genes indicates that the activation of the nodD product by flavonoids is of crucial importance during the process of infection thread formation and, surprisingly, also during nitrogen fixation A hybrid nodD gene consisting of 75% of the nodD1 gene of Rhizobium meliloti at the 5' end and 27% of the nodD gene of Rhizobium trifolii at the 3' end activates the six tested inducible nod promoters of Rhizobium leguminosarum, R. trifolii or R. meliloti to maximal levels, even in the absence of flavonoids. In strains containing such a constitutive activating nodD gene, transcription of nod genes started at the same site as in flavonoid-induced strains containing a wild-type nodD gene. In contrast to heterologous wild-type nodD products, the constitutive activating nodD gene does not cause a limitation of the host range. R. leguminosarum, R. trifolii , and R. meliloti strains containing the constitutive activating nodD gene induce (pseudo) nodules on tropical leguminous plants. Comparison of the symbiotic properties of rhizobia containing the constitutive nodD hybrid gene with those of rhizobia containing various wild-type nodD genes indicates that the activation of the nodD product by flavonoids is of crucial importance during the process of infection thread formation and, during nitrogen fixation.
Author	Wijffelman, C.A Goosen-de Roo, L Lugtenberg, B.J.J Tak, T Pees, E Brussel, A.A.N. van Spaink, H.P. (Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands) Okker, R.J.H
AuthorAffiliation	Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Leiden University, The Netherlands
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Leiden University, The Netherlands
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 fullname: Spaink, H.P. (Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands) – sequence: 2 fullname: Okker, R.J.H – sequence: 3 fullname: Wijffelman, C.A – sequence: 4 fullname: Tak, T – sequence: 5 fullname: Goosen-de Roo, L – sequence: 6 fullname: Pees, E – sequence: 7 fullname: Brussel, A.A.N. van – sequence: 8 fullname: Lugtenberg, B.J.J
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Snippet	A hybrid nodD gene consisting of 75% of the nodD1 gene of Rhizobium meliloti at the 5' end and 27% of the nodD gene of Rhizobium trifolii at the 3' end... Article Usage Stats Services JB Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley...
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SubjectTerms	Bacterial Proteins - genetics Bacteriology Biological and medical sciences FIJACION DEL NITROGENO FIXATION DE L'AZOTE FLAVONOIDE FLAVONOIDES Flavonoids - physiology FORMATION DE NODOSITES Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology GENE Gene Expression Regulation GENES Genes, Bacterial Microbiology Nitrogen Fixation - genetics NODULACION PARASITISME PARASITISMO Pathogenicity, virulence, toxins, bacteriocins, pyrogens, host-bacteria relations, miscellaneous strains Phenotype Recombinant Fusion Proteins - physiology Recombinant Proteins - physiology RHIZOBIUM Rhizobium - genetics Rhizobium - physiology Rhizobium - ultrastructure SIMBIOSIS Species Specificity SYMBIOSE Symbiosis
Title	Symbiotic properties of rhizobia containing a flavonoid-independent hybrid nodD product
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