Pharmacogenomics, biomarker network, and allele frequencies in colorectal cancer

• Published in: The pharmacogenomics journal Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 136 - 158
• Main Authors: López-Cortés, Andrés, Paz-y-Miño, César, Guerrero, Santiago, Jaramillo-Koupermann, Gabriela, León Cáceres, Ángela, Intriago-Baldeón, Dámaris P., García-Cárdenas, Jennyfer M., Guevara-Ramírez, Patricia, Armendáriz-Castillo, Isaac, Leone, Paola E., Quiñones, Luis Abel, Cayún, Juan Pablo, Soria, Néstor W.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01-02-2020; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 45; 692/308/2056; 692/53/2421; 692/53/2422; Analysis; Antimitotic agents; Antineoplastic agents; Antineoplastic Agents - administration & dosage; Antineoplastic Agents - adverse effects; Antineoplastic Agents - metabolism; Biomarkers; Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics; Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Cancer; Carboplatin; Colorectal cancer; Colorectal carcinoma; Colorectal Neoplasms - drug therapy; Colorectal Neoplasms - genetics; Consensus Statement; Development and progression; Enzymatic activity; Enzymes; Gene Expression; Gene frequency; Gene Frequency - drug effects; Gene Frequency - genetics; Gene Regulatory Networks - drug effects; Gene Regulatory Networks - genetics; Health aspects; Human Genetics; Humans; Oncology; Oncology, Experimental; Pharmacogenetics; Pharmacogenetics - methods; Pharmacogenomics; Pharmacotherapy; Population genetics; Precision medicine; Prognosis; Psychopharmacology; Revisions; Toxicity; Trifluridine; Ecuador; Mexico; Latin America
• ISSN: 1470-269X; 1473-1150
• DOI: 10.1038/s41397-019-0102-4

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Over the last decades, several studies have shown that tumor-related genomic alterations predict tumor prognosis, drug response, and toxicity. These observations have led to the development of several therapies based on individual genomic profiles. As part of these approaches, pharmacogenomics analyses genomic alterations which may predict an efficient therapeutic response. Studying these mutations as biomarkers for predicting drug response is of a great interest to improve precision medicine. We conduct a comprehensive review of the main pharmacogenomics biomarkers and genomic alterations affecting enzyme activity, transporter capacity, channels, and receptors; and therefore the new advances in CRC precision medicine to select the best therapeutic strategy in populations worldwide, with a focus on Latin America.