Aqueous Humour Ofloxacin Concentration after Topical Instillation in Patients with Dry Eye Disease

• Published in: Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Vol. 58; no. 8; p. 1031
• Main Authors: Kagkelaris, Konstantinos, El Mubarak, Mohamed A, Plotas, Panagiotis, Panaretos, Dimitris, Panayiotakopoulos, George D, Sivolapenko, Gregory B, Georgakopoulos, Constantinos D
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01-08-2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Administration, Topical; Anti-Infective Agents; Antibiotics; Aqueous Humor; aqueous humor concentration; Cataracts; Chemical properties; Cornea; Dosage and administration; Drug therapy; dry eye disease; Dry eye syndromes; Dry Eye Syndromes - drug therapy; Eye diseases; Eye surgery; Health aspects; Humans; Inflammation; Molecular weight; Ofloxacin; Ofloxacin - therapeutic use; Ophthalmic solutions; Ophthalmic Solutions - therapeutic use; Patients; Pharmaceuticals; Prospective Studies; Statistical analysis; Testing; topical instillation; Greece; Athens Greece; United States > US; Germany; topical instillation; ofloxacin; dry eye disease; aqueous humor concentration
• ISSN: 1648-9144; 1010-660X; 1648-9144
• DOI: 10.3390/medicina58081031

Background and Objectives: A prospective, randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the concentration of ofloxacin in the aqueous humour (AqH) of patients suffering from dry eye disease (DED) after topical instillation. Materials and Methods: Ninety-one (91) cataract patients scheduled for phacoemulsification were categorized into three groups according to DED severity. Group I (n = 17) was comprised of subjects without DED, patients in group II (n = 37) were evaluated as having non-severe DED, while group III (n = 37) consisted of patients suffering from severe DED. Preoperatively, patients received 4 drops of 0.3% of ofloxacin at 15 min intervals. One hour after the last instillation, aqueous samples were collected intraoperatively. Results: The median AqH concentration of ofloxacin in group I was 199.9 ng/mL (range 92.2−442.8 ng/mL), while in group II it was 530.5 ng/mL (range 283.7−1004.9 ng/mL), and 719.2 ng/mL (range 358.0−1512.4 ng/mL) in Group III, p < 0.001 (Kruskal-Wallis tests). Pairwise tests (two-tailed with Bonferroni corrections) between groups resulted in a p-value of 0.001 when group II was compared to group I and group III was compared to group I, and a p-value of 0.020 when group II was compared to group III. The severity of DED, across groups I, II, and III, and the levels of ofloxacin revealed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.639, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Ofloxacin concentration in the AqH after topical drop instillation may be affected by the degree of ocular surface inflammation in patients suffering from DED.