Cargo navigation across 3D microtubule intersections

The eukaryotic cell’s microtubule cytoskeleton is a complex 3D filament network. Microtubules cross at a wide variety of separation distances and angles. Prior studies in vivo and in vitro suggest that cargo transport is affected by intersection geometry. However, geometric complexity is not yet wid...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 115; no. 3; pp. 537 - 542
Main Authors:	Bergman, Jared P., Bovyn, Matthew J., Doval, Florence F., Sharma, Abhimanyu, Gudheti, Manasa V., Gross, Steven P., Allard, Jun F., Vershinin, Michael D.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States National Academy of Sciences 16-01-2018
Subjects:	3-D technology Angles (geometry) Biological Sciences Biophysics Cargo transportation Complexity Cytoskeleton Eukaryotes Geometry In vivo methods and tests Intersections Kinesin Microtubules Motors Navigation Routing Stochasticity Theoretical analysis Three dimensional models Three dimensional motion cytoskeletal transport microtubules biophysics kinesin network
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Summary:	The eukaryotic cell’s microtubule cytoskeleton is a complex 3D filament network. Microtubules cross at a wide variety of separation distances and angles. Prior studies in vivo and in vitro suggest that cargo transport is affected by intersection geometry. However, geometric complexity is not yet widely appreciated as a regulatory factor in its own right, and mechanisms that underlie this mode of regulation are not well understood. We have used our recently reported 3D microtubule manipulation system to build filament crossings de novo in a purified in vitro environment and used them to assay kinesin-1–driven model cargo navigation. We found that 3D microtubule network geometry indeed significantly influences cargo routing, and in particular that it is possible to bias a cargo to pass or switch just by changing either filament spacing or angle. Furthermore, we captured our experimental results in a model which accounts for full 3D geometry, stochastic motion of the cargo and associated motors, as well as motor force production and force-dependent behavior. We used a combination of experimental and theoretical analysis to establish the detailed mechanisms underlying cargo navigation at microtubule crossings.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Edited by Yale E. Goldman, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, and approved November 27, 2017 (received for review May 12, 2017) Author contributions: J.P.B., M.J.B., S.P.G., J.F.A., and M.D.V. designed research; J.P.B., M.J.B., F.F.D., A.S., M.V.G., and M.D.V. performed research; J.P.B., M.J.B., F.F.D., A.S., M.V.G., S.P.G., J.F.A., and M.D.V. analyzed data; and J.P.B., M.J.B., M.V.G., S.P.G., J.F.A., and M.D.V. wrote the paper. 1J.P.B. and M.J.B. contributed equally to this work. 2J.F.A., and M.D.V. contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:	0027-8424 1091-6490
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.1707936115