Animal Models for Neuroinflammation and Potential Treatment Methods

• Published in: Frontiers in neurology Vol. 13; p. 890217
• Main Authors: Tamura, Yasuhisa, Yamato, Masanori, Kataoka, Yosky
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A 27-06-2022
• Subjects: cytokine; inflammation; lipopolysaccharide; myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome; Neurology; polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid
• ISSN: 1664-2295; 1664-2295
• DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.890217

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating chronic disease of unknown etiology and without effective treatment options. The onset of ME/CFS is often associated with neuroinflammation following bacterial or viral infection. A positron emission tomography imaging study revealed that the degree of neuroinflammation was correlated with the severity of several symptoms in patients with ME/CFS. In animal studies, lipopolysaccharide- and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-induced models are thought to mimic the pathological features of ME/CFS and provoke neuroinflammation, characterized by increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and activation of microglia. In this review, we described the anti-inflammatory effects of three compounds on neuroinflammatory responses utilizing animal models. The findings of the included studies suggest that anti-inflammatory substances may be used as effective therapies to ameliorate disease symptoms in patients with ME/CFS.