Consolidation mechanism of high-water-content slurry during vacuum preloading with prefabricated vertical drains

Vacuum preloading combined with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) has been widely used to improve soft clayey soil deposits. However, the consolidation deformation of high-water-content slurry under vacuum pressure is still not fully understood. In this study, the displacement field of the slurry...

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Published in:	Canadian geotechnical journal Vol. 59; no. 8; pp. 1373 - 1385
Main Authors:	Sun, Hong-lei, He, Zi-li, Pan, Kun, Lu, Jing-ling, Pan, Xiao-dong, Shi, Li, Geng, Xue-yu
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	1840 Woodward Drive, Suite 1, Ottawa, ON K2C 0P7 Canadian Science Publishing 01-08-2022 NRC Research Press Canadian Science Publishing NRC Research Press
Subjects:	Analysis boue de dragage Clay Clay soils colonne de sol Composition Compression Compression zone Consolidation Deformation Deformations (Mechanics) Drainage Drains dredged slurry déformation Environmental aspects Moisture content Particle image velocimetry PIV Prefabrication préchargement sous vide Reclamation of land Slurries Slurry Soil soil column Soil columns Soil mechanics Soils Vacuum vacuum preloading Vertical drains vélocimétrie par image de particules Water China
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Abstract	Vacuum preloading combined with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) has been widely used to improve soft clayey soil deposits. However, the consolidation deformation of high-water-content slurry under vacuum pressure is still not fully understood. In this study, the displacement field of the slurry during vacuum preloading was directly observed using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. The test results showed that the displacement field of the slurry could be divided into three different zones that reflect distinct consolidation patterns. In zones I and III, the slurry was predominantly compressed along the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, whereas in zone II, compression occurred in both vertical and horizontal directions. In particular, the slurry elements in zones I and II underwent horizontal extension prior to horizontal compression. The study also visualized the boundary of the soil column and provided an equation for the relation between soil column thickness and consolidation time, which could provide a reference for the theoretical consolidation calculations related to soil columns.
AbstractList	Vacuum preloading combined with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) has been widely used to improve soft clayey soil deposits. However, the consolidation deformation of high-water-content slurry under vacuum pressure is still not fully understood. In this study, the displacement field of the slurry during vacuum preloading was directly observed using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. The test results showed that the displacement field of the slurry could be divided into three different zones that reflect distinct consolidation patterns. In zones I and III, the slurry was predominantly compressed along the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, whereas in zone II, compression occurred in both vertical and horizontal directions. In particular, the slurry elements in zones I and II underwent horizontal extension prior to horizontal compression. The study also visualized the boundary of the soil column and provided an equation for the relation between soil column thickness and consolidation time, which could provide a reference for the theoretical consolidation calculations related to soil columns. Vacuum preloading combined with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) has been widely used to improve soft clayey soil deposits. However, the consolidation deformation of high-water-content slurry under vacuum pressure is still not fully understood. In this study, the displacement field of the slurry during vacuum preloading was directly observed using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. The test results showed that the displacement field of the slurry could be divided into three different zones that reflect distinct consolidation patterns. In zones I and III, the slurry was predominantly compressed along the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, whereas in zone II, compression occurred in both vertical and horizontal directions. In particular, the slurry elements in zones I and II underwent horizontal extension prior to horizontal compression. The study also visualized the boundary of the soil column and provided an equation for the relation between soil column thickness and consolidation time, which could provide a reference for the theoretical consolidation calculations related to soil columns. Key words: dredged slurry, vacuum preloading, particle image velocimetry, PIV, deformation, soil column. Le prechargement par le vide combine a des drains verticaux prefabriques (PVD) a ete largement utilise pour ameliorer les depots de sols argileux mous. Cependant, la deformation de consolidation d'une boue a forte teneur en eau sous pression sous vide n'est pas encore totalement comprise. Dans cette etude, le champ de deplacement de la boue pendant le prechargement sous vide a ete directement observe en utilisant la technique de velocimetrie par image de particules (PIV). Les resultats des essais ont montre que le champ de deplacement de la boue pouvait etre divise en trois zones differentes qui refletent des modeles de consolidation distincts. Dans les zones I et III, la boue a ete principalement comprimee dans les directions horizontale et verticale, respectivement, tandis que dans la zone II, la compression a eu lieu dans les deux directions, verticale et horizontale. En particulier, les elements de boue des zones I et II ont subi une extension horizontale avant la compression horizontale. L'etude a egalement permis de visualiser la limite de la colonne de sol et de fournir une equation pour la relation entre l'epaisseur de la colonne de sol et le temps de consolidation, qui pourrait servir de reference pour les calculs theoriques de consolidation lies aux colonnes de sol. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : boue de dragage, prechargement sous vide, velocimetrie par image de particules, PIV, deformation, colonne de sol. Vacuum preloading combined with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) has been widely used to improve soft clayey soil deposits. However, the consolidation deformation of high-water-content slurry under vacuum pressure is still not fully understood. In this study, the displacement field of the slurry during vacuum preloading was directly observed using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. The test results showed that the displacement field of the slurry could be divided into three different zones that reflect distinct consolidation patterns. In zones I and III, the slurry was predominantly compressed along the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, whereas in zone II, compression occurred in both vertical and horizontal directions. In particular, the slurry elements in zones I and II underwent horizontal extension prior to horizontal compression. The study also visualized the boundary of the soil column and provided an equation for the relation between soil column thickness and consolidation time, which could provide a reference for the theoretical consolidation calculations related to soil columns.
Abstract_FL	Le préchargement par le vide combiné à des drains verticaux préfabriqués (PVD) a été largement utilisé pour améliorer les dépôts de sols argileux mous. Cependant, la déformation de consolidation d’une boue à forte teneur en eau sous pression sous vide n’est pas encore totalement comprise. Dans cette étude, le champ de déplacement de la boue pendant le préchargement sous vide a été directement observé en utilisant la technique de vélocimétrie par image de particules (PIV). Les résultats des essais ont montré que le champ de déplacement de la boue pouvait être divisé en trois zones différentes qui reflètent des modèles de consolidation distincts. Dans les zones I et III, la boue a été principalement comprimée dans les directions horizontale et verticale, respectivement, tandis que dans la zone II, la compression a eu lieu dans les deux directions, verticale et horizontale. En particulier, les éléments de boue des zones I et II ont subi une extension horizontale avant la compression horizontale. L’étude a également permis de visualiser la limite de la colonne de sol et de fournir une équation pour la relation entre l’épaisseur de la colonne de sol et le temps de consolidation, qui pourrait servir de référence pour les calculs théoriques de consolidation liés aux colonnes de sol. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
Audience	Academic
Author	Pan, Xiao-dong Geng, Xue-yu Pan, Kun Lu, Jing-ling Shi, Li He, Zi-li Sun, Hong-lei
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Hong-lei surname: Sun fullname: Sun, Hong-lei organization: Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China – sequence: 2 givenname: Zi-li surname: He fullname: He, Zi-li organization: Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China – sequence: 3 givenname: Kun surname: Pan fullname: Pan, Kun organization: Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China – sequence: 4 givenname: Jing-ling surname: Lu fullname: Lu, Jing-ling organization: Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China – sequence: 5 givenname: Xiao-dong surname: Pan fullname: Pan, Xiao-dong organization: Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China – sequence: 6 givenname: Li surname: Shi fullname: Shi, Li organization: Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China – sequence: 7 givenname: Xue-yu surname: Geng fullname: Geng, Xue-yu organization: School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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Snippet	Vacuum preloading combined with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) has been widely used to improve soft clayey soil deposits. However, the consolidation...
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SubjectTerms	Analysis boue de dragage Clay Clay soils colonne de sol Composition Compression Compression zone Consolidation Deformation Deformations (Mechanics) Drainage Drains dredged slurry déformation Environmental aspects Moisture content Particle image velocimetry PIV Prefabrication préchargement sous vide Reclamation of land Slurries Slurry Soil soil column Soil columns Soil mechanics Soils Vacuum vacuum preloading Vertical drains vélocimétrie par image de particules Water
Title	Consolidation mechanism of high-water-content slurry during vacuum preloading with prefabricated vertical drains
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