Encouraging the Development of New Antibiotics: Are Financial Incentives the Right Way Forward? A Systematic Review and Case Study

• Published in: Infection and drug resistance Vol. 14; pp. 415 - 434
• Main Authors: Dutescu, Ilinca A, Hillier, Sean A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 01-01-2021; Taylor & Francis Ltd; Dove; Dove Medical Press
• Subjects: Antibiotic resistance; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial agents; antimicrobial resistance; Bacterial infections; canada; Case studies; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; Drug resistance; Drug resistance in microorganisms; Economic incentives; financial incentives; Forecasts and trends; Generic products; health policy; Incentives; Infections; Literature reviews; Monetary incentives; Pharmaceutical industry; Prescription drugs; Profitability; Public health; R&D; Reinforcement; Research & development; Review; Surveillance; Systematic review; Canada; United Kingdom; Sweden; Canada; health policy; antimicrobial resistance; antibiotics; financial incentives
• ISSN: 1178-6973; 1178-6973
• DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S287792

Antibiotic resistance is an urgent public health threat that has received substantial attention from the world's leading health agencies and national governmental bodies alike. However, despite increasing rates of antibiotic resistance, pharmaceutical companies are reluctant to develop new antibiotics due to scientific, regulatory, and financial barriers. Nonetheless, only a handful of countries have addressed this by implementing or proposing financial incentive models to promote antibiotic innovation. This study is comprised of a systematic review that aimed to understand which antibiotic incentive strategies are most recommended within the literature and subsequently analyzed these incentives to determine which are most likely to sustainably revitalize the antibiotic pipeline. Through a case study of Canada, we apply our incentive analysis to the Canadian landscape to provide decision-makers with a possible path forward. Based on our findings, we propose that Canada support the ongoing efforts of other countries by implementing a fully delinked subscription-based market entry reward. This paper seeks to spark action in Canada by shifting the national paradigm to one where antibiotic research and development is prioritized as a key element to addressing antibiotic resistance.