A global census of nitrogenase diversity
Summary The global diversity of nitrogen‐fixing microorganisms was assessed through construction and analysis of an aligned database of 16 989 nifH sequences. We conclude that the diversity of diazotrophs is still poorly described and that many organisms remain to be discovered. Our analyses indicat...
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| Published in: | Environmental microbiology Vol. 13; no. 7; pp. 1790 - 1799 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01-07-2011
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| Abstract | Summary
The global diversity of nitrogen‐fixing microorganisms was assessed through construction and analysis of an aligned database of 16 989 nifH sequences. We conclude that the diversity of diazotrophs is still poorly described and that many organisms remain to be discovered. Our analyses indicate that diversity is not distributed evenly across phylogenetic groups or across environments and that some of the most diverse assemblages and environments remain the most poorly characterized. The majority of OTUs were rare, falling in the long tail of the frequency distribution. The most dominant OTUs fell into either the Cyanobacteria or the α, β, and γ Proteobacteria, and five of these dominant OTUs do not have any representatives cultivated in isolation. Soils contained the greatest diversity of nifH sequences of all of the environments surveyed. Cluster III, which is dominated by nifH sequences from obligate anaerobes, was found to contain the greatest diversity of all nifH lineages and is also the group for which diversity is the least sampled. Our findings provide context for ongoing efforts to explore diazotroph diversity, indicating specific groups and environments that remain poorly characterized. |
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| AbstractList | The global diversity of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms was assessed through construction and analysis of an aligned database of 16989 nifH sequences. We conclude that the diversity of diazotrophs is still poorly described and that many organisms remain to be discovered. Our analyses indicate that diversity is not distributed evenly across phylogenetic groups or across environments and that some of the most diverse assemblages and environments remain the most poorly characterized. The majority of OTUs were rare, falling in the long tail of the frequency distribution. The most dominant OTUs fell into either the Cyanobacteria or the alpha , beta , and gamma Proteobacteria, and five of these dominant OTUs do not have any representatives cultivated in isolation. Soils contained the greatest diversity of nifH sequences of all of the environments surveyed. Cluster III, which is dominated by nifH sequences from obligate anaerobes, was found to contain the greatest diversity of all nifH lineages and is also the group for which diversity is the least sampled. Our findings provide context for ongoing efforts to explore diazotroph diversity, indicating specific groups and environments that remain poorly characterized. Summary The global diversity of nitrogen‐fixing microorganisms was assessed through construction and analysis of an aligned database of 16 989 nifH sequences. We conclude that the diversity of diazotrophs is still poorly described and that many organisms remain to be discovered. Our analyses indicate that diversity is not distributed evenly across phylogenetic groups or across environments and that some of the most diverse assemblages and environments remain the most poorly characterized. The majority of OTUs were rare, falling in the long tail of the frequency distribution. The most dominant OTUs fell into either the Cyanobacteria or the α, β, and γ Proteobacteria, and five of these dominant OTUs do not have any representatives cultivated in isolation. Soils contained the greatest diversity of nifH sequences of all of the environments surveyed. Cluster III, which is dominated by nifH sequences from obligate anaerobes, was found to contain the greatest diversity of all nifH lineages and is also the group for which diversity is the least sampled. Our findings provide context for ongoing efforts to explore diazotroph diversity, indicating specific groups and environments that remain poorly characterized. The global diversity of nitrogen‐fixing microorganisms was assessed through construction and analysis of an aligned database of 16 989 nifH sequences. We conclude that the diversity of diazotrophs is still poorly described and that many organisms remain to be discovered. Our analyses indicate that diversity is not distributed evenly across phylogenetic groups or across environments and that some of the most diverse assemblages and environments remain the most poorly characterized. The majority of OTUs were rare, falling in the long tail of the frequency distribution. The most dominant OTUs fell into either the Cyanobacteria or the α , β , and γ Proteobacteria , and five of these dominant OTUs do not have any representatives cultivated in isolation. Soils contained the greatest diversity of nifH sequences of all of the environments surveyed. Cluster III, which is dominated by nifH sequences from obligate anaerobes, was found to contain the greatest diversity of all nifH lineages and is also the group for which diversity is the least sampled. Our findings provide context for ongoing efforts to explore diazotroph diversity, indicating specific groups and environments that remain poorly characterized. The global diversity of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms was assessed through construction and analysis of an aligned database of 16,989 nifH sequences. We conclude that the diversity of diazotrophs is still poorly described and that many organisms remain to be discovered. Our analyses indicate that diversity is not distributed evenly across phylogenetic groups or across environments and that some of the most diverse assemblages and environments remain the most poorly characterized. The majority of OTUs were rare, falling in the long tail of the frequency distribution. The most dominant OTUs fell into either the Cyanobacteria or the α, β, and γ Proteobacteria, and five of these dominant OTUs do not have any representatives cultivated in isolation. Soils contained the greatest diversity of nifH sequences of all of the environments surveyed. Cluster III, which is dominated by nifH sequences from obligate anaerobes, was found to contain the greatest diversity of all nifH lineages and is also the group for which diversity is the least sampled. Our findings provide context for ongoing efforts to explore diazotroph diversity, indicating specific groups and environments that remain poorly characterized. |
| Author | Buckley, Daniel H. Gaby, John Christian |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: John Christian surname: Gaby fullname: Gaby, John Christian organization: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Daniel H. surname: Buckley fullname: Buckley, Daniel H. email: dhb28@cornell.edu organization: E-mail: dhb28@cornell.edu |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21535343$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | 2011 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd. |
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The global diversity of nitrogen‐fixing microorganisms was assessed through construction and analysis of an aligned database of 16 989 nifH sequences.... The global diversity of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms was assessed through construction and analysis of an aligned database of 16,989 nifH sequences. We... The global diversity of nitrogen‐fixing microorganisms was assessed through construction and analysis of an aligned database of 16 989 nifH sequences. We... The global diversity of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms was assessed through construction and analysis of an aligned database of 16989 nifH sequences. We... |
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| SubjectTerms | Cluster Analysis Cyanobacteria - enzymology Cyanobacteria - genetics Databases, Genetic Environment Gammaproteobacteria - enzymology Gammaproteobacteria - genetics Genetic Variation Nitrogen Fixation Oxidoreductases - genetics Phylogeny Soil - analysis |
| Title | A global census of nitrogenase diversity |
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