Chronic effects of the herbicide diuron on freshwater cladocerans, amphipods, midges, minnows, worms, and snails

• Published in: Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology Vol. 35; no. 3; pp. 441 - 446
• Main Authors: NEBEKER, A. V, SCHUYTEMA, G. S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg Springer-Verlag 01-10-1998; Berlin Springer Nature B.V; New York, NY
• Subjects: Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Animals; Annelida; Applied ecology; Biological and medical sciences; Chironomidae; Chironomus tentans; Crustacea; Cyprinidae; Daphnia; Daphnia pulex; Diuron; Diuron - toxicity; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution; Embryos; Fishes; Fresh Water - analysis; Fresh water environment; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Herbicides; Herbicides - toxicity; Hyalella azteca; Laboratories; Lethal Dose 50; Lumbriculus variegatus; Mortality; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; Physa gyrina; Pimephales promelas; Snails; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity; Oregon; United States; North America; America; Chironomidae; Chironomus tentans; Growth; Toxicity; Insecta; Cladocera; Gastropoda; Amphipoda; Crustacea; Freshwater environment; Pisces; Daphnia pulex; Ureas; Pimephales promelas; Branchiopoda; Chronicity; Pesticides; Diuron; Survival; Annelida; Herbicide; Vertebrata; Lethal dose 50; Hyalella azteca; Arthropoda; Invertebrata; Mollusca; Diptera
• ISSN: 0090-4341; 1432-0703
• DOI: 10.1007/s002449900400

The chronic effects of the herbicide diuron on survival and reproduction of Daphnia pulex, and survival and growth of the amphipod Hyalella azteca, the midge Chironomus tentans, juvenile and embryo/larval fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas, annelid worms, Lumbriculus variegatus, and snails, Physa gyrina, were determined in laboratory static and static-renewal tests. D. pulex 96-h and 7-day LC50 values were 17.9 and 7.1 mg/L; 7-day LOAEL and NOAEL values based on mortality and reproduction were 7.7 and 4.0 mg/L. H. azteca 96-h and 10-day LC50 values were 19.4 and 18.4 mg/L; 10-day LOAEL and NOAEL values based on survival and reduced weight were 15.7 and 7.9 mg/L. C. tentans 10-day LC50 value was 3.3 mg/L; 10-day LOAEL and NOAEL values based on growth were 7.1 and 3.4 mg/L, and 3.4 and 1.9 mg/L based on mortality. Juvenile fathead minnows had a 10-day LC50 of 27.1 mg/L and 10-day LOAEL and NOAEL values based on growth of 3.4 and <3.4 mg/L. The fathead minnow embryo-larval test had a 7-day LC50 value of 11.7 mg/L and 7-day LOAEL and NOAEL values based on reduced growth of 8.3 and 4.2 mg/L. L. variegatus had 10-day LOAEL and NOAEL values based on reduced weight of 3.5 and 1.8 mg/L. P. gyrina had 10-day LOAEL and NOAEL values based on reduced weight of 22.8 and 13.4 mg/L. Laboratory effects concentrations were higher that those found in normal field application situations, except in areas of localized pooling after recent herbicide applications, indicating that there would probably be little harm to these fish and invertebrates from diuron exposure in the field.