Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Clinical Update

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease in developed countries because of the obesity epidemic. The disease increases liver-related morbidity and mortality, and often increases the risk for other comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiova...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of clinical and translational hepatology Vol. 5; no. 4; pp. 384 - 393
Main Authors:	Pappachan, Joseph M, Babu, Shithu, Krishnan, Babu, Ravindran, Nishal C
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Trust, Lancaster, UK%Department of Medicine, Dorset County Hospital, Dorchester, UK%Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Bournemouth, UK%Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Hinchingbrooke Hospital, Hinchingbrooke, Huntingdon, UK 28-12-2017 XIA & HE Publishing Inc
Subjects:	Review Lifestyle interventions Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Bariatric surgery Insulin resistance Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) Metabolic syndrome NASH
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Summary:	Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease in developed countries because of the obesity epidemic. The disease increases liver-related morbidity and mortality, and often increases the risk for other comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance related to metabolic syndrome is the main pathogenic trigger that, in association with adverse genetic, humoral, hormonal and lifestyle factors, precipitates development of NAFLD. Biochemical markers and radiological imaging, along with liver biopsy in selected cases, help in diagnosis and prognostication. Intense lifestyle changes aiming at weight loss are the main therapeutic intervention to manage cases. Insulin sensitizers, antioxidants, lipid lowering agents, incretin-based drugs, weight loss medications, bariatric surgery and liver transplantation may be necessary for management in some cases along with lifestyle measures. This review summarizes the latest evidence on the epidemiology, natural history, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of NAFLD.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 The authors have no conflicts of interests related to this publication. Prepared the initial draft (SB, BK), conceived the manuscript plan, and grossly modified the initial draft which had been prepared by (JMP), helped in draft modification and revision of the paper (NCR). All authors contributed to the literature search and writing of the final manuscript.
ISSN:	2225-0719 2310-8819
DOI:	10.14218/jcth.2017.00013