Determinants of Neonatal Jaundice among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Public General Hospitals of Central Zone, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, 2019: a Case-Control Study

• Published in: BioMed research international Vol. 2020; no. 2020; pp. 1 - 8
• Main Authors: Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Hailu, Areaya Gebreegzabiher, Beyene, Brhane Hagos, Dagnazgi, Ebud Ayele, Tekulu, Fsaha Gebretsadkan, Welay, FissahaTekulu, Hailay, Abrha, Zemicheal, Teklewoini Mariye, Zereabruk, Kidane, Birhane, Merhawi, Gebremichael, Mengistu Welday, Nuguse, Hailemariam, Gebrewahid, Teklay Guesh, Asefa, Guesh Gebreayezgi, Hadera, Surafel Aregawi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2020; Hindawi; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; Hindawi Limited
• Subjects: Adult; Apgar score; Asphyxia; Asphyxia Neonatorum - complications; Asphyxia Neonatorum - diagnosis; Asphyxia Neonatorum - epidemiology; Asphyxia Neonatorum - mortality; Babies; Bilirubin; Biomedical research; Birth weight; Bivariate analysis; Breast feeding; Breast Feeding - adverse effects; Care and treatment; Case-Control Studies; Causes of; Confidence intervals; Control charts; Data collection; Dependent variables; Encephalopathy; Ethiopia - epidemiology; Evidence-based medicine; Female; Health aspects; Hospitals; Hospitals, General; Hospitals, Public; Humans; Hyperbilirubinemia; Incidence; Incompatibility; Independent variables; Industrialized nations; Infant; Infant Mortality; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Infants (Newborn); Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Jaundice; Jaundice, Neonatal - diagnosis; Jaundice, Neonatal - epidemiology; Jaundice, Neonatal - etiology; Jaundice, Neonatal - mortality; Low birth weight; Male; Mathematical analysis; Medical records; Morbidity; Mortality; Mothers; Multivariate analysis; Neonatal intensive care units; Neonatal jaundice; Neonates; Obstetric Labor Complications - diagnosis; Obstetric Labor Complications - epidemiology; Obstetric Labor Complications - mortality; Polycythemia; Polycythemia - complications; Polycythemia - diagnosis; Polycythemia - epidemiology; Polycythemia - mortality; Population; Pregnancy; Prevention; Random sampling; Regression analysis; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System - adverse effects; Sample Size; Sampling methods; Services; Sociodemographics; Statistical sampling; Weight; Ethiopia; Africa; South Asia
• ISSN: 2314-6133; 2314-6141
• DOI: 10.1155/2020/4743974

Background. Neonatal jaundice is common a clinical problem worldwide. Globally, every year, about 1.1 million babies develop severe hyperbilirubinemia with or without bilirubin encephalopathy and the vast majority reside in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Strategies and information on determinants of neonatal jaundice in sub-Saharan Africa are limited. So, investigating determinant factors of neonatal jaundice has paramount importance in mitigating jaundice-related neonatal morbidity and mortality. Methodology. Hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted by reviewing medical charts of 272 neonates in public general hospitals of the central zone of Tigray, northern Ethiopia. The sample size was calculated using Epi Info version 7.2.2.12, and participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. One year medical record documents were included in the study. Data were collected through a data extraction format looking on the cards. Data were entered to the EpiData Manager version 4.4.2.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed. Binary logistic regression was used to test the association between independent and dependent variables. Variables at p value less than 0.25 in bivariate analysis were entered to a multivariable analysis to identify the determinant factors of jaundice. The level of significance was declared at p value <0.05. Results. A total of 272 neonatal medical charts were included. Obstetric complication (AOR: 5.77; 95% CI: 1.85-17.98), low birth weight (AOR: 4.27; 95% CI:1.58-11.56), birth asphyxia (AOR: 4.83; 95% CI: 1.617-14.4), RH-incompatibility (AOR: 5.45; 95% CI: 1.58-18.74), breastfeeding (AOR: 6.11; 95% CI: 1.71-21.90) and polycythemia (AOR: 7.32; 95% CI: 2.51-21.311) were the determinants of neonatal jaundice. Conclusion. Obstetric complication, low birth weight, birth asphyxia, RH-incompatibility, breastfeeding, and polycythemia were among the determinants of neonatal jaundice. Hence, early prevention and timely treatment of neonatal jaundice are important since it was a cause of long-term complication and death in neonates.