Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (sICAM-1) as a Biomarker of Vascular Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults

• Published in: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders Vol. 47; no. 4-6; p. 243
• Main Authors: Gregory, Michael A, Manuel-Apolinar, Leticia, Sánchez-Garcia, Sergio, Villa Romero, Antonio R, de Jesús Iuit Rivera, Jaime, Basurto Acevedo, Lourdes, Grijalva-Otero, Israel, Cuadros-Moreno, Juan, Garcia-de la Torre, Paola, Guerrero Cantera, Jose, Garcia Dominguez, Juana Angélica, Martínez Gallardo, Sergio, Vega Garcia, Sara, Mejía Alonso, Laura Alejandra, Sánchez-Arenas, Rosalinda
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland 01-10-2019
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers - blood; Case-Control Studies; Cognitive Dysfunction - blood; Cognitive Dysfunction - diagnostic imaging; Cognitive Dysfunction - psychology; Dementia, Vascular - blood; Dementia, Vascular - diagnostic imaging; Dementia, Vascular - psychology; Female; Frail Elderly; Humans; Independent Living; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - blood; Male; Mexico; Neuroimaging; Neuropsychological Tests; Predictive Value of Tests; Socioeconomic Factors; Up-Regulation; Mexico; ICAM-1; Vascular cognitive impairment; Aging and cognition; Blood biomarkers
• ISSN: 1421-9824
• DOI: 10.1159/000500068

Endothelial dysfunction and subsequent inflammation contribute to the development of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) is upregulated in endothelial dysfunction and promotes an inflammatory response; however, the relationship between sICAM-1 and VCI remains equivocal.
To determine whether sICAM-1 contributes to the prediction of VCI.
Community-dwelling older adults (n = 172) from the "Cohort of Obesity, Sarcopenia and Frailty of Older Mexican Adults" (COSFOMA) study were identified as VCI or controls using standard neuropsychological evaluations and neuroimaging. sICAM-1 was quantified using ELISA, and multivariate logistic regression determined the association between sICAM-1 and VCI.
A total of 31 VCI cases were identified. sICAM-1 was higher in VCI (VCI: 450.7 [241.6] ng/mL vs. controls: 296.9 [140.9] ng/mL). sICAM-1 concentrations above the 90th percentile (464.1 ng/mL) were associated with VCI group membership in all models (OR: 6.9, 95% CI: 1.1-42.2). The final saturated model explained 64% of the variance in VCI group membership.
High concentrations of sICAM-1 are independently associated with VCI group membership. Efforts to further characterize the relationship between indices of endothelial dysfunction and pathological changes to the aging brain should be further pursued.