Effects of early-life poverty on health and human capital in children and adolescents: analyses of national surveys and birth cohort studies in LMICs
The survival and nutrition of children and, to a lesser extent, adolescents have improved substantially in the past two decades. Improvements have been linked to the delivery of effective biomedical, behavioural, and environmental interventions; however, large disparities exist between and within co...
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| Published in: | The Lancet (British edition) Vol. 399; no. 10336; pp. 1741 - 1752 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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30-04-2022
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| Abstract | The survival and nutrition of children and, to a lesser extent, adolescents have improved substantially in the past two decades. Improvements have been linked to the delivery of effective biomedical, behavioural, and environmental interventions; however, large disparities exist between and within countries. Using data from 95 national surveys in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), we analyse how strongly the health, nutrition, and cognitive development of children and adolescents are related to early-life poverty. Additionally, using data from six large, long-running birth cohorts in LMICs, we show how early-life poverty can have a lasting effect on health and human capital throughout the life course. We emphasise the importance of implementing multisectoral anti-poverty policies and programmes to complement specific health and nutrition interventions delivered at an individual level, particularly at a time when COVID-19 continues to disrupt economic, health, and educational gains achieved in the recent past. |
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| AbstractList | The survival and nutrition of children and, to a lesser extent, adolescents have improved substantially in the past two decades. Improvements have been linked to the delivery of effective biomedical, behavioural, and environmental interventions; however, large disparities exist between and within countries. Using data from 95 national surveys in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), we analyse how strongly the health, nutrition, and cognitive development of children and adolescents are related to early-life poverty. Additionally, using data from six large, long-running birth cohorts in LMICs, we show how early-life poverty can have a lasting effect on health and human capital throughout the life course. We emphasise the importance of implementing multisectoral anti-poverty policies and programmes to complement specific health and nutrition interventions delivered at an individual level, particularly at a time when COVID-19 continues to disrupt economic, health, and educational gains achieved in the recent past. Summary The survival and nutrition of children and, to a lesser extent, adolescents have improved substantially in the past two decades. Improvements have been linked to the delivery of effective biomedical, behavioural, and environmental interventions; however, large disparities exist between and within countries. Using data from 95 national surveys in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), we analyse how strongly the health, nutrition, and cognitive development of children and adolescents are related to early-life poverty. Additionally, using data from six large, long-running birth cohorts in LMICs, we show how early-life poverty can have a lasting effect on health and human capital throughout the life course. We emphasise the importance of implementing multisectoral anti-poverty policies and programmes to complement specific health and nutrition interventions delivered at an individual level, particularly at a time when COVID-19 continues to disrupt economic, health, and educational gains achieved in the recent past. |
| Author | Victora, Cesar G Menezes, Ana Maria B Lee, Nanette R Black, Robert E Murray, Joseph Stein, Aryeh D Bhutta, Zulfiqar A Horta, Bernardo L Vidaletti, Luis P Varghese, Jithin S Barros, Aluisio J D Norris, Shane A Bhargava, Santosh K Richter, Linda M Hartwig, Fernando P Stein, Alan Barros, Fernando C Adair, Linda S Martorell, Reynaldo Osmond, Clive Kroker-Lobos, Maria F Sachdev, Harshpal S |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Cesar G surname: Victora fullname: Victora, Cesar G email: cvictora@gmail.com organization: International Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil – sequence: 2 givenname: Fernando P surname: Hartwig fullname: Hartwig, Fernando P organization: Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil – sequence: 3 givenname: Luis P surname: Vidaletti fullname: Vidaletti, Luis P organization: International Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil – sequence: 4 givenname: Reynaldo surname: Martorell fullname: Martorell, Reynaldo organization: Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Clive surname: Osmond fullname: Osmond, Clive organization: MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK – sequence: 6 givenname: Linda M surname: Richter fullname: Richter, Linda M organization: Department of Science and Innovation, National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Human Development, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa – sequence: 7 givenname: Aryeh D surname: Stein fullname: Stein, Aryeh D organization: Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Aluisio J D surname: Barros fullname: Barros, Aluisio J D organization: International Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil – sequence: 9 givenname: Linda S surname: Adair fullname: Adair, Linda S organization: Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: Fernando C surname: Barros fullname: Barros, Fernando C organization: Post-Graduate Program of Health in the Life Cycle, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil – sequence: 11 givenname: Santosh K surname: Bhargava fullname: Bhargava, Santosh K organization: Sunder Lal Jain Hospital, Delhi, India – sequence: 12 givenname: Bernardo L surname: Horta fullname: Horta, Bernardo L organization: Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil – sequence: 13 givenname: Maria F surname: Kroker-Lobos fullname: Kroker-Lobos, Maria F organization: INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala – sequence: 14 givenname: Nanette R surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Nanette R organization: USC Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu, Philippines – sequence: 15 givenname: Ana Maria B surname: Menezes fullname: Menezes, Ana Maria B organization: Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil – sequence: 16 givenname: Joseph surname: Murray fullname: Murray, Joseph organization: Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil – sequence: 17 givenname: Shane A surname: Norris fullname: Norris, Shane A organization: SAMRC Pathways for Health Research Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa – sequence: 18 givenname: Harshpal S surname: Sachdev fullname: Sachdev, Harshpal S organization: Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research, New Delhi, India – sequence: 19 givenname: Alan surname: Stein fullname: Stein, Alan organization: MRC–Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa – sequence: 20 givenname: Jithin S surname: Varghese fullname: Varghese, Jithin S organization: Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 21 givenname: Zulfiqar A surname: Bhutta fullname: Bhutta, Zulfiqar A organization: Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada – sequence: 22 givenname: Robert E surname: Black fullname: Black, Robert E organization: Institute for International Programs, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA |
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| Snippet | The survival and nutrition of children and, to a lesser extent, adolescents have improved substantially in the past two decades. Improvements have been linked... Summary The survival and nutrition of children and, to a lesser extent, adolescents have improved substantially in the past two decades. Improvements have been... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adolescents Adults Birth Cohort Births Child Child poverty Children Cognitive ability Cognitive development Cohort analysis COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology Developing Countries Human capital Humans Income Income distribution Inequality LDCs Mortality Nutrition Polls & surveys Poverty Series Socioeconomic factors Sustainable development Teenagers |
| Title | Effects of early-life poverty on health and human capital in children and adolescents: analyses of national surveys and birth cohort studies in LMICs |
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