Activation of Hair Cell Growth Factors by Linoleic Acid in Malva verticillata Seed

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 26; no. 8; p. 2117
• Main Authors: Ryu, Hwa Sun, Jeong, JiYeon, Lee, Chun Mong, Lee, Kwang Sik, Lee, Jung-No, Park, Sung-Min, Lee, Yong-Moon
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 07-04-2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Alopecia; Arteriosclerosis; Cell activation; Cell cycle; Cell growth; Chromatography; Column chromatography; Communication; Cyclin D1; Cyclin-dependent kinase; Cyclin-dependent kinase 2; Cyclin-dependent kinases; Dihydrotestosterone; Dkk1 protein; Fatty acids; Fibroblasts; Follicles; Gene expression; growth factor; Growth factors; Growth rate; Hair; Hair loss; Hepatocyte growth factor; Hexanes; Insulin; Insulin-like growth factor I; Insulin-like growth factors; Keratinocyte growth factor; Kinases; Linoleic acid; Malva verticillata; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Oleic acid; Phosphorylation; proliferation; Proteins; Seeds; Side effects; Silica; Silica gel; Spectrum analysis; Testosterone; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Wnt protein; β-Catenin; Malva verticillata; growth factor; linoleic acid; proliferation; dihydrotestosterone
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082117

Hair loss by excessive stress from work and lifestyle changes has become a growing concern, particularly among young individuals. However, most drugs for alopecia impose a plethora of side effects. We have found the powerful impact of
seed extracts on alleviating hair loss. This study further isolated effective chemicals in
seed extracts by liquid silica gel column chromatography. Under the screening for the growth rate (%) of human follicles dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs), we identified linoleic acid (LA) and oleic acid in
-hexane of
(MH)2 fraction. LA treatment activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and induced HFDPCs growth by increasing the expression of cell cycle proteins such as cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2. LA treatment also increased several growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, hepatocyte growth factor, and keratinocyte growth factor, in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, LA significantly inhibited Dickkopf-related protein expression (DKK-1), a primary alopecia signaling by dihydrotestosterone. Our findings suggest that LA treatment may alleviate a testosterone-induced signaling molecule and induces HFDPCs growth by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.