Flow-Based Dynamic Approach to Assess Bioaccessible Zinc in Dry Dog Food Samples

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 25; no. 6; p. 1333
• Main Authors: Gregório, Bruno J R, Pereira, Ana Margarida, Fernandes, Sara R, Matos, Elisabete, Castanheira, Francisco, Almeida, Agostinho A, Fonseca, António J M, Cabrita, Ana Rita J, Segundo, Marcela A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 15-03-2020; MDPI
• Subjects: Animal Feed; Animals; Atomic absorption analysis; Atomic absorption spectroscopy; Atomic beam spectroscopy; bioaccessibility; Bioavailability; Biological Availability; dog food; dog nutrition; Dogs; dynamic extraction; Enzymes; Evaluation; Experiments; Exponential functions; flow analysis; Food; kinetic profile; Kinetics; Leaching; Organic Chemicals - chemistry; Organic Chemicals - metabolism; Pet food; Principal Component Analysis - methods; Principal components analysis; Reaction kinetics; Spectral analysis; Spectrophotometry, Atomic - methods; Zinc; Zinc - chemistry; Zinc - metabolism; dynamic extraction; dog nutrition; kinetic profile; bioaccessibility; dog food; zinc; flow analysis
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061333

This work proposes a simple and easy-to-use flow-through system for the implementation of dynamic extractions, aiming at the evaluation of bioaccessible zinc and the characterization of leaching kinetics in dry dog food samples. The kinetic profile of Zn extraction was determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and the results were fitted in an exponential function (R
> 0.960) compatible with a two first-order reactions model. Values of fast leachable Zn ranged from 83 ± 1 to 313 ± 5 mg of Zn per kg of sample, with associated rate constants ranging from 0.162 ± 0.004 to 0.290 ± 0.014 min
. Similar results were observed compared to the static batch extraction. The percentage of bioaccessible Zn ranged from 49.0 to 70.0%, with an average value of 58.2% in relation to total Zn content. Principal component analysis regarding the variables fast leachable Zn, associated rate constant, total Zn, and market segment, has shown that 84.6% of variance is explained by two components, where the second component (24.0%) presented loadings only for the fast leachable Zn and associated rate constant. The proposed method is suitable for the fast evaluation (<1 h) of leaching kinetics and bioaccessibility in dry dog food.