Individual- and neighborhood-level characteristics of lung cancer screening participants undergoing telemedicine shared decision making

• Published in: BMC health services research Vol. 23; no. 1; pp. 1 - 1179
• Main Authors: Shusted, Christine S, Juon, Hee-Soon, Ruane, Brooke, Till, Brian, Zeigler-Johnson, Charnita, McIntire, Russell K, Grenda, Tyler, Okusanya, Olugbenga, Evans, Nathaniel R, Kane, Gregory C, Barta, Julie A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London BioMed Central Ltd 30-10-2023; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Care and treatment; Censuses; Clinical decision making; COVID-19; Decision making; Demographic aspects; Diagnosis; Disease transmission; Health aspects; Health disparities; Lung cancer; Lung cancer screening; Medical screening; Neighborhoods; Nurse practitioners; Pandemics; Patients; Primary care; Screening adherence; Sociodemographics; Socioeconomic factors; Task forces; Telemedicine; United States; United States > US
• DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10185-4
• EISSN: 1472-6963

Background Although lung cancer screening (LCS) for high-risk individuals reduces lung cancer mortality in clinical trial settings, many questions remain about how to implement high-quality LCS in real-world programs. With the increasing use of telemedicine in healthcare, studies examining this approach in the context of LCS are urgently needed. We aimed to identify sociodemographic and other factors associated with screening completion among individuals undergoing telemedicine Shared Decision Making (SDM) for LCS. Methods This retrospective study examined patients who completed Shared Decision Making (SDM) via telemedicine between May 4, 2020 - March 18, 2021 in a centralized LCS program. Individuals were categorized into Complete Screening vs. Incomplete Screening subgroups based on the status of subsequent LDCT completion. A multi-level, multivariate model was constructed to identify factors associated with incomplete screening. Results Among individuals undergoing telemedicine SDM during the study period, 20.6% did not complete a LDCT scan. Bivariate analysis demonstrated that Black/African-American race, Medicaid insurance status, and new patient type were associated with greater odds of incomplete screening. On multi-level, multivariate analysis, individuals who were new patients undergoing baseline LDCT or resided in a census tract with a high level of socioeconomic deprivation had significantly higher odds of incomplete screening. Individuals with a greater level of education experienced lower odds of incomplete screening. Conclusions Among high-risk individuals undergoing telemedicine SDM for LCS, predictors of incomplete screening included low education, high neighborhood-level deprivation, and new patient type. Future research should focus on testing implementation strategies to improve LDCT completion rates while leveraging telemedicine for high-quality LCS. Keywords: Lung cancer screening, Telemedicine, Health disparities, Lung cancer, Screening adherence