Culture Model for Non-human Primate Choroid Plexus

• Published in: Frontiers in cellular neuroscience Vol. 13; p. 396
• Main Authors: Delery, Elizabeth C, MacLean, Andrew G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Research Foundation 28-08-2019; Frontiers Media S.A
• Subjects: Aging; Antibiotics; Brain research; Cell culture; Cerebrospinal fluid; Choroid plexus; Cognition; Collagen; Dexamethasone; epithelial cell; Epithelial cells; Focal adhesion kinase; HIV; Human immunodeficiency virus; Immunofluorescence; Infections; infectious disease; Inflammation; Klotho protein; Laboratory animals; Macaca mulatta; Neurodegeneration; Neuroscience; Pathogenesis; Phalloidin; Proteins; rhesus macaque; TLR2 protein; Toll-like receptors; Transthyretin; Tumor necrosis factor; Vimentin; Viral infections; Zonula occludens-1 protein; United States > US; rhesus macaque; aging; epithelial cell; cell culture; infectious disease; choroid plexus
• ISSN: 1662-5102; 1662-5102
• DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00396

While there are murine and rat choroid plexus epithelial cell cultures, a translationally relevant model for choroid plexus activation and function is still lacking. The rhesus macaque is the gold standard for modeling viral infection and activation of CNS, including HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. We have developed a rhesus macaque choroid plexus epithelial cell culture model which we believe to be suitable for studies of inflammation associated with viral infection of the CNS. Epithelial morphology and function were assessed using vimentin, phalloidin, the tight junction protein zonula-occludens-1 (ZO-1), and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Choroid plexus epithelial cell type was confirmed using immunofluorescence with two proteins highly expressed in the choroid plexus: transthyretin and α-klotho. Finally, barrier properties of the model were monitored using pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, the TLR2 agonist PamCys3K, and dexamethasone). When pro-inflammatory TNF-α was added to the xCelligence wells, there was a decrease in barrier function, which decreased in a step-wise fashion with each additional administration. This barrier function was repaired upon addition of the steroid dexamethasone. The TLR2 agonist PAM3CysK increased barrier functions in TNF-α treated wells. We have presented a model of the blood-CSF barrier that will allow study into pro- and anti-inflammatory conditions in the brain, while simultaneously measuring real time changes to epithelial cells.