Role of Metabolomics in Pathogenesis and Prompt Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer Metastasis—A Systematic Review

• Published in: Diagnostics (Basel) Vol. 13; no. 22; p. 3401
• Main Authors: Ursu, Ștefan, Ciocan, Andra, Ursu, Cristina-Paula, Gherman, Claudia Diana, Ciocan, Răzvan Alexandru, Pop, Rodica Sorina, Spârchez, Zeno, Zaharie, Florin, Al Hajjar, Nadim
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-11-2023
• Subjects: Amino acids; Biological products; Biomarkers; Cancer; Cancer therapies; Chemotherapy; Chromatography; Development and progression; Diagnosis; Gastric cancer; Genomics; Health aspects; Human subjects; lipidomics; Lymphatic system; Mass spectrometry; Medical prognosis; Metabolism; Metabolites; metabolomics; Metastasis; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Oncology, Experimental; Pathogenesis; Patients; Protein biosynthesis; Scientific imaging; Stomach cancer; Systematic review; T cells; Urine; Romania
• ISSN: 2075-4418; 2075-4418
• DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13223401

Introduction: Gastric cancer is the fourth most frequently diagnosed form of cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The aim of this review is to identify individual metabolic biomarkers and their association with accurate diagnostic values, which can predict gastric cancer metastasis. Materials and Methods: After searching the keywords, 83 articles were found over a period of 13 years. One was eliminated because it was not written in English, and two were published outside the selected period. Seven scientific papers were qualified for this investigation after eliminating duplicates, non-related articles, systematic reviews, and restricted access studies. Results: New metabolic biomarkers with predictive value for gastric cancer metastasis and for elucidating metabolic pathways of the metastatic process have been found. The pathogenic processes can be outlined as follows: pro-oxidant capacity, T-cell inactivation, cell cycle arrest, energy production and mitochondrial enzyme impairment, cell viability and pro-apoptotic effect, enhanced degradation of collagen extracellular matrix, migration, invasion, structural protein synthesis, and tumoral angiogenesis. Conclusion: Metabolic biomarkers have been recognized as independent risk factors in the molecular process of gastric cancer metastasis, with good diagnostic and prognostic value.