Impact of preexisting dengue immunity on Zika virus emergence in a dengue endemic region

• Published in: Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 363; no. 6427; pp. 607 - 610
• Main Authors: Rodriguez-Barraquer, Isabel, Costa, Federico, Nascimento, Eduardo J M, Nery, Júnior, Nivison, Castanha, Priscila M S, Sacramento, Gielson Almeida, Cruz, Jaqueline, Carvalho, Mayara, De Olivera, Daiana, Hagan, José E, Adhikarla, Haritha, Wunder, Jr, Elsio A, Coêlho, Danilo F, Azar, Sasha R, Rossi, Shannan L, Vasilakis, Nikos, Weaver, Scott C, Ribeiro, Guilherme S, Balmaseda, Angel, Harris, Eva, Nogueira, Maurício L, Reis, Mitermayer G, Marques, Ernesto T A, Cummings, Derek A T, Ko, Albert I
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States The American Association for the Advancement of Science 08-02-2019
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Basic Reproduction Number; Brazil; Child; Cross Reactions; Dengue - immunology; Dengue fever; Disease Outbreaks; Emergence; Female; Health risks; Humans; Immune response; Immunity; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin G - blood; Immunoglobulin G3; Infections; Male; Outbreaks; Pandemics; Prospective Studies; Risk analysis; Risk factors; Risk management; Risk reduction; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Signs and symptoms; Urban Population; Vector-borne diseases; Viral diseases; Viral Nonstructural Proteins - immunology; Viruses; Young Adult; Zika Virus; Zika Virus Infection - immunology; Brazil
• ISSN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.aav6618

The clinical outcomes associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas have been well documented, but other aspects of the pandemic, such as attack rates and risk factors, are poorly understood. We prospectively followed a cohort of 1453 urban residents in Salvador, Brazil, and, using an assay that measured immunoglobulin G3 (IgG3) responses against ZIKV NS1 antigen, we estimated that 73% of individuals were infected during the 2015 outbreak. Attack rates were spatially heterogeneous, varying by a factor of 3 within a community spanning 0.17 square kilometers. Preexisting high antibody titers to dengue virus were associated with reduced risk of ZIKV infection and symptoms. The landscape of ZIKV immunity that now exists may affect the risk for future transmission.